Columbite

Columbite
mineral series (en)
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	columbite mineral group (en)
Crystal system (en)	orthorhombic crystal system (en)

Columbite, wanda kuma ake kira niobite, niobite-tantalite da columbate, tare da tsarin sinadarai na gabaɗaya. , wani rukuni ne na ma'adinai na baki wanda shine ma'adinan niobium. Yana da luster submetallic, babban yawa, kuma niobate ne na baƙin ƙarfe da manganese. Niobite yana da aikace-aikace da yawa a sararin samaniya, gini da masana'antar likitanci. Ma'adinan haɗin gwiwar columbite ana cika su da farko ta hanyar uranium gubar (U-Pb) dating, tsarin jinkirin.

Columbite yana da abun da ke ciki iri ɗaya da simmetry ( orthorhombic ) kamar tantalite . [1] A haƙiƙa, ana haɗa su biyun a matsayin jerin ma'adinai masu kama da juna da ake kira columbite-tantalite ko coltan a cikin jagororin ma'adinai da yawa. Koyaya, tantalite yana da takamaiman nauyi fiye da columbite, fiye da 8.0 idan aka kwatanta da 5.2 na columbite. [2] Samuwar columbite ya dogara ne akan adadin karafa da ke akwai wanda ke shafar tsarin crystalline na ma'adinai da tasirin muhalli.

Columbite shine polymorph na tapiolite ; suna da nau'in sinadarai iri ɗaya amma nau'in kristal daban-daban: orthorhombic don columbite da tetragonal don tapiolite. Mafi girman rubuce-rubucen kristal guda ɗaya na columbite ya ƙunshi faranti 6 millimetres (0.24 in) kauri mai aunawa 76 by 61 centimetres (30 in × 24 in) . ^[1]

Columbite ya ƙunshi nau'ikan thorium da uranium daban-daban, yana mai da shi rediyoaktif. ^[2] Coltan, wani tantalum ya mamaye nau'in columbite, galibi ana hako shi ta hanyar masu fasaha da ƙananan ma'adinai tare da haɗari ga muhalli da lafiyar ɗan adam saboda yanayin aiki mara tsari.

1. ↑ P. C. Rickwood (1981). "The largest crystals" (PDF). American Mineralogist. 66: 885–907.
2. ↑ "Simultaneous determination of tantalum, niobium, thorium and uranium in placer columbite-tantalite deposits from the Akim Oda District of Ghana by epithermal instrumental neutron activation analysis". Retrieved 2021-02-02.