Floem

Floem (grč. φλοıός - floiόs = kora) ili lika (liko) zajednički je naziv za mreže provodnih snopova u provodnim sudovima viših biljaka. Služi za transport organskih tvari koje su nastale u procesu fotosinteze u listovima i ostalim organima sa hlorofilom, za razliku od ksilema koji služi za provođenje vode s rastvorenim mineralnim tvarima^[1] do dijelova gdje su potrebni. Taj se proces transporta naziva translokacija.^[2]

Ovaj termin uveo je Nägeli, 1858.^[3]^[4]

^ Lalonde S. Wipf D., Frommer W.B. (2004). "Transport mechanisms for organic forms of carbon and nitrogen between source and sink". Annu Rev Plant Biol. 55: 341–72. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.55.031903.141758. PMID 15377224.
^ Collins Edexcel International GCSE Biology, Student Book (ISBN 978-0-00-745000-8) p.124
^ Nägeli, Carl (1858). "Das Wachstum des Stammes und der Wurzel bei den Gefäßpflanzen und die Anordnung der Gefäßstränge im Stengel" [The growth of the stem and of the root among vascular plants and the arrangement of the vascular strands in the stalk]. Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik (Contributions to Scientific Botany) (jezik: German). 1: 1–156.CS1 održavanje: nepoznati jezik (link) From p. 9: "Ich will die beiden Partien Dauergewebe, welche von dem Cambium nach aussen und nach innen gebildet werden, Phloëm und Xylem nennen." (I will call the two parts of the permanent tissue, which are formed by the cambium outwardly and inwardly, "phloëm" and "xylem".)
^ Buvat, Roger (1989). "Phloem". Ontogeny, Cell Differentiation, and Structure of Vascular Plants. str. 287–368. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-73635-3_10. ISBN 978-3-642-73637-7.

[1] Lalonde S. Wipf D., Frommer W.B. (2004). "Transport mechanisms for organic forms of carbon and nitrogen between source and sink". Annu Rev Plant Biol. 55: 341–72. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.55.031903.141758. PMID 15377224.

[2] Collins Edexcel International GCSE Biology, Student Book (ISBN 978-0-00-745000-8) p.124

[3] Nägeli, Carl (1858). "Das Wachstum des Stammes und der Wurzel bei den Gefäßpflanzen und die Anordnung der Gefäßstränge im Stengel" [The growth of the stem and of the root among vascular plants and the arrangement of the vascular strands in the stalk]. Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik (Contributions to Scientific Botany) (jezik: German). 1: 1–156.CS1 održavanje: nepoznati jezik (link) From p. 9: "Ich will die beiden Partien Dauergewebe, welche von dem Cambium nach aussen und nach innen gebildet werden, Phloëm und Xylem nennen." (I will call the two parts of the permanent tissue, which are formed by the cambium outwardly and inwardly, "phloëm" and "xylem".)

[4] Buvat, Roger (1989). "Phloem". Ontogeny, Cell Differentiation, and Structure of Vascular Plants. str. 287–368. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-73635-3_10. ISBN 978-3-642-73637-7.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]