Lebensreform

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in German. (January 2022) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the German article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at [[:de:Lebensreform]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated|de|Lebensreform}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Lebensreform (German pronunciation: [ˈleːbn̩sˌʁeˈfɔʁm] ^ⓘ; "life-reform") is the German generic term for various social reform movements that started in the mid-19th century and originated in the German Empire and later spread to Switzerland. Common features of these movements included criticism of industrialisation, materialism, and urbanization, combined with a striving for a return to the state of nature. Common practices included vegetarianism, naturopathy, naturism, gymnastics, and expressionist dance. While the various movements did not have an overarching organization, there were numerous associations.

The painter and social reformer Karl Wilhelm Diefenbach is considered an important pioneer of the Lebensreform ideas. Other influential proponents included Sebastian Kneipp, Louis Kuhne, Rudolf Steiner, Hugo Höppener (Fidus), Gustav Gräser, and Adolf Just.

One noticeable legacy of the Lebensreform movement in Germany today is the Reformhaus ("reform house"), which are retail stores that sell organic food and naturopathic medicine.^[1]