Pyjamas

Pyjamas

Math	nightwear
Ffeiliau perthnasol ar Gomin Wicimedia

Gall pyjamas (/pəˈdʒɑːməz, pɪ-, -ˈdʒæ-/) gyfeirio at sawl dilledyn o fathau penodol sy'n tarddu o isgyfandir India. Yn y byd Gorllewinol, pyjamas yw'r dillad llac sy'n deillio o'r dilledyn gwreiddiol ac sy'n cael eu gwisgo yn bennaf i gysgu,^[1] ac weithiau ar gyfer hamddena hefyd,^[2] a hynny gan y ddau ryw.^[3] Yn fwy cyffredinol, gall pyjamas gyfeirio at nifer o ddillad, ar gyfer dydd a nos, sy'n tarddu o'r pyjamas gwreiddiol ac yn amrywio yn eu steil a deunydd.

Benthycwyd y gair pyjama^[4]   o gwmpas troad y 19g o'r Hindwstaneg pāy-jāma (پاجامہپاجامہ पाजामापाजामा), sydd yn ei dro wedi'i fenthyg o'r Perseg pāy-jāmeh پايجامهپايجامه sef, yn llythrennol, 'dilledyn coes'.^[5][6] Trowsus llac ac ysgafn yw'r pyjāmā gwreiddiol, gyda llinyn rownd y canol i'w dynhau. Mae'n cael ei wisgo gan nifer o Foslemiaid Indiaidd, yn ogystal â Siciaid a Hindwiaid.^[7][8] Dechreuodd Ewropeaid eu gwisgo yn ystod teyrnasiad yr British East India Company yn India.^[9][10]

1. ↑ "'Moe' with owners James Davis & wife, in bed in children's pajamas, at home." Archifwyd 2020-02-16 yn y Peiriant Wayback
   ^{[dolen farw]}, Life magazine, 1971, (Photographer: Ralph Crane).
2. ↑ "Model clad in lounging pyjamas featuring peg-top trousers like jodpurs for sale at Neiman Marcus"^{[dolen farw]}
   ^{[dolen farw]} Life magazine, 1939, (Photographer: Alfred Eisenstaedt)
3. ↑ "Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos playing native Brazilian folk instrument from his collection, while wearing jacket over his pyjamas & smoking cigarette; at home."^{[dolen farw]}
   ^{[dolen farw]} Life magazine, 1945 (Photographer: Unknown; Location: Rio De Janeiro)
4. ↑ "Pyjamas". Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol ar 2018-10-18. Cyrchwyd 2018-10-10.
5. ↑ Volo, James M. (19 Gorffennaf 2012). The Boston Tea Party: The Foundations of Revolution: The Foundations of Revolution (yn English). ABC-CLIO. t. 51. ISBN 9780313398759. The word pajama derives from the Hindustani epai-jama.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
6. ↑ Lewandowski, Elizabeth J. (24 Hydref 2011). The Complete Costume Dictionary (yn English). Scarecrow Press. tt. 216. ISBN 9780810877856. pajama: (1930-1940 C.E. to present). From the Hindustani word epai-jama, shirt and trouser combination.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
7. ↑ Sharma, Sita Ram. Mohammad Ali Jinnah and Communal Leadership (yn English). APH Publishing Corporation. t. 93. ISBN 9788170249351. Similarly, the sari is the most common dress of women all over India and is worn by both Hindu and Muslim women, and where pyjamas are worn by women as in parts of the north-western region, they are worn not only by Muslim women but by Sikh and Hindu women as well.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
8. ↑ Uttar Pradesh district gazetteers (yn English). Government of Uttar Pradesh. 1981. t. 100. Hindu women in the towns usually wear sari and blouse, while the Jat, Sikh and other Panjabi women wear salwar, kurta and dupatta. In the urban areas, some elderly males, both Hindus and Muslims, are seen wearing churidar pyjamas, achkans (long, buttoned-up coats) and Gandhi caps. |access-date= requires |url= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
9. ↑ Oxford English Dictionary 3rd edition, Rhagfyr 2007, s.v. [1]
10. ↑ Omoniyi, Tope (2016), The Cultures of Economic Migration: International Perspectives, Routledge, p. 228, ISBN 978-1-317-03654-8, https://books.google.com/books?id=U-a_CwAAQBAJ&pg=PT228, "But under Muslim rule (in India) ... a variety of sown clothes started emerging .... Muslims introduced pyjamas and kurtas"