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Self-criticism
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Self-criticism involves how an individual evaluates oneself. Self-criticism in psychology is typically studied and discussed as a negative personality trait in which a person has a disrupted self-identity.[1] The opposite of self-criticism would be someone who has a coherent, comprehensive, and generally positive self-identity. Self-criticism is often associated with major depressive disorder. Some theorists[who?] define self-criticism as a mark of a certain type of depression (introjective depression), and in general people with depression tend to be more self critical than those without depression.[1][2] People with depression are typically higher on self-criticism than people without depression, and even after depressive episodes they will continue to display self-critical personalities.[3] Much of the scientific focus on self-criticism is because of its association with depression.[4][5]
- ^ a b Blatt, S.J. (2008). Polarities of experience: Relatedness and self-definition in personality, development, psychopathology, and the therapeutic process. American Psychological Association. ISBN 9781433803147.
- ^ Beck, A.T. (1983). "Cognitive therapy of depression: New perspectives". In Clayton, P.J.; Barrett, J.E. (eds.). Treatment of Depression: Old Controversies and New Approaches. New York: Raven Press. pp. 265–290. ISBN 9780890047453.
- ^ Enns, M.W.; Cox, B.J. (1997). "Personality dimensions and depression: Review and commentary". Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 42 (3): 274–284. doi:10.1177/070674379704200305. PMID 9114943. S2CID 166651.
- ^ Clark, L.A.; Watson, D.; Mineka, S. (1994). "Temperament, personality, and the mood and anxiety disorders". Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 103 (1): 103–116. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.103.1.103. PMID 8040472.
- ^ Ehret, A.M.; Joormann, J.; Berking, M. (2015). "Examining risk and resilience factors for depression: The role of self-criticism and self-compassion". Cognition and Emotion. 29 (8): 1496–1504. doi:10.1080/02699931.2014.992394. PMID 25517734. S2CID 1633723.
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