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Mackinac Island
Native name: Michilimackinac[1] Mishimikinaak ᒥᔑᒥᑭᓈᒃ | |
|---|---|
 Topographic map of Mackinac island | |
  Mackinac | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Lake Huron |
| Coordinates | 45°51′40″N 84°37′50″W / 45.86111°N 84.63056°W |
| Total islands | 2 |
| Area | 4.35 sq mi (11.3 km2) |
| Coastline | 9.6 mi (15.4 km) |
| Highest elevation | 890 ft (271 m) |
| Highest point | Fort Holmes |
| Administration | |
United States | |
| State | Michigan |
| Largest settlement | Mackinac Island (pop. 583) |
| County | Mackinac County |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 583 (2020) |
| Pop. density | 134.02/sq mi (51.745/km2) |
| Ethnic groups | see demographics |
Mackinac Island | |
 Cyclists on M-185 (Main Street) at mile marker 0 in downtown Mackinac Island | |
| Location | Mackinac Island, Michigan |
| NRHP reference No. | 66000397[2] |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | October 15, 1966 |
| Designated NHLD | October 9, 1960[4] |
| Designated MSHS | July 19, 1956[3] |
| Additional information | |
| ZIP code(s) | 49757 |
| Area code(s) | 906 |
Mackinac Island (/ˈmækənɔː/ MAK-ə-naw, locally /ˈmækənə/ MAK-ə-nə; French: Île Mackinac; Ojibwe: Mishimikinaak ᒥᔑᒥᑭᓈᒃ; Ottawa: Michilimackinac) is an island and resort area, covering 4.35 square miles (11.3 km2) in land area, in the U.S. state of Michigan. The name of the island in Odawa is Michilimackinac and "Mitchimakinak" in Ojibwemowin, meaning "Great Turtle". It is located in Lake Huron, at the eastern end of the Straits of Mackinac, between the state's Upper and Lower Peninsulas. The island was long home to an Odawa settlement and previous indigenous cultures before European colonization began in the 17th century. It was a strategic center of the fur trade around the Great Lakes. Based on a former trading post, Fort Mackinac was constructed on the island by the British during the American Revolutionary War. It was the site of two battles during the War of 1812 before the northern border was settled and the US gained this island in its territory.
In the late 19th century, Mackinac Island became a popular tourist attraction and summer colony. Many of the structures on the island have undergone extensive historical preservation and restoration. Because of its historic significance, the entire island is listed as a National Historic Landmark. It is well known for numerous cultural events; a wide variety of architectural styles, including the Victorian Grand Hotel; and its ban on almost all motor vehicles, with exceptions only for city emergency vehicles (ambulance, police cars and fire trucks), city service vehicles and snowmobiles in winter. More than 80 percent of the island is preserved as Mackinac Island State Park.
- ^ Bailey, John R (1896). Mackinac formerly Michilimackinac. Lansing, Michigan: Darius D. Thorp & Son.
- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. April 15, 2008.
- ^ State of Michigan (2009). "Mackinac Island". Archived from the original on January 18, 2012. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ "Mackinac Island". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on September 5, 2012. Retrieved June 27, 2008.
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