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Kingdom of Greece Βασίλειον τῆς Ἑλλάδος Vasílion tis Elládos | |||||||||||
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1936–1941 | |||||||||||
Motto: Eleftheria i Thanatos Ελευθερία ή θάνατος "Freedom or Death" | |||||||||||
Anthem: Ýmnos is tin Eleftherían Ὕμνος εἰς τὴν Ἐλευθερίαν "Hymn to Freedom" | |||||||||||
Capital and largest city | Athens | ||||||||||
Common languages | Greek language | ||||||||||
Religion | Greek Orthodox | ||||||||||
Demonym(s) | Greek, Hellene | ||||||||||
Government | Unitary constitutional monarchy under a Metaxist military dictatorship | ||||||||||
King | |||||||||||
• 1936–1941 | George II | ||||||||||
Prime Minister | |||||||||||
• 1936–1941 | Ioannis Metaxas | ||||||||||
• 1941 | Alexandros Koryzis | ||||||||||
History | |||||||||||
• Established | 4 August 1936 | ||||||||||
28 October 1940 | |||||||||||
29 January 1941 | |||||||||||
6 April 1941 | |||||||||||
18 April 1941 | |||||||||||
23 April 1941 | |||||||||||
Currency | Greek drachma | ||||||||||
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Today part of | Greece |
History of Greece |
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Greece portal |
The 4th of August Regime (Greek: Καθεστώς της 4ης Αυγούστου, romanized: Kathestós tis tetártis Avgoústou), commonly also known as the Metaxas regime (Καθεστώς Μεταξά, Kathestós Metaxá), was a fascist regime under the leadership of General Ioannis Metaxas that ruled the Kingdom of Greece from 1936 to 1941.
On 4 August 1936, Metaxas, with the support of King George II, suspended the Greek parliament and went on to preside over a conservative, staunchly anti-communist and ultranationalist government under the ideology of Metaxism, a form of Greek Fascism.[1][a] The regime took inspiration in its symbolism and rhetoric from Fascist Italy, but retained close links to Britain and the French Third Republic, rather than the Axis powers. Being non-partisan, after Metaxas' death in January 1941 the regime hinged entirely on the King. Although Greece was occupied following the German invasion of Greece in April 1941 and the Greek government was forced into exile in the British-controlled Kingdom of Egypt, several prominent figures of the regime, notably the notorious security chief Konstantinos Maniadakis, survived for several months in cabinet until the King was forced to dismiss them in a compromise with the representatives of the old democratic political establishment.
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