Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves

Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves
Cassim, Ali Baba's elder brother, in the cave by Maxfield Parrish (1909)
Folk tale
Name	Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves
Region	Middle East
Published in	The One Thousand and One Nights, translated by Antoine Galland

"Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves" (Arabic: علي بابا والأربعون لصا) is a folk tale in Arabic added to the One Thousand and One Nights in the 18th century by its French translator Antoine Galland, who heard it from Syrian storyteller Hanna Diyab. As one of the most popular Arabian Nights tales, it has been widely retold and performed in many media across the world, especially for children (for whom the more violent aspects of the story are often removed).

In the original version, Ali Baba (Arabic: علي بابا ʿAlī Bābā) is a poor woodcutter and an honest person who discovers the secret treasure of a thieves' den, and enters with the magic phrase "open sesame". The thieves try to kill Ali Baba, and his rich and greedy brother Cassim tries to steal the treasure for himself, but Ali Baba’s faithful slave-girl foils their plots. His son marries her, and Ali Baba keeps the secret of the treasure.