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Back-released click
| Back-released click | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ʞ | |||
| ʞ | |||
| ʞ̃̊ | |||
| ᵑ̊ʞ | |||
| ᶰ̥ʞ | |||
| IPA number | 291 | ||
| Encoding | |||
| Entity (decimal) | ʞ | ||
| Unicode (hex) | U+029E | ||
| |||
A back-released click, sometimes more precisely a velar-released click or uvular-released click, is a click consonant found in paralinguistic use in languages across Africa, such as Wolof.[1][2] The tongue is in a similar position to other click articulations, such as an alveolar click, and like other clicks, the airstream mechanism is lingual. However, unlike other clicks, the salient sound is produced by releasing the rear (velar or uvular) closure of the tongue rather than the front closure. Consequently, the air that fills the vacuum comes from behind the tongue, from the nasal cavity and the throat. Velar- and uvular-released clicks are always voiceless and typically nasal ([ᵑ̊ʞ] or [ᶰ̥ʞ]), as nasal airflow is required for a reasonably loud production.
- ^ Grenoble, Lenore (2014). Plungian, Vladimir; et al. (eds.). "Verbal gestures: Toward a field-based approach to language description". Language. Constants. Variables: In Memory of A. E. Kibrik. Saint Petersburg: Aleteija: 105–118.
- ^ Grenoble; Martinovic; Baglini (2015). "Verbal gestures in Wolof" (PDF). Proceedings of the 44th Annual Conference on African Linguistics. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press.
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