Beiyang Fleet

Beiyang Fleet
Ensign of Beiyang Fleet
Active	1871–1909
Country	Qing Empire
Allegiance	Emperor of China
Branch	Imperial Chinese Navy
Garrison/HQ	Weihaiwei
March	"Anthem of the Beiyang Fleet"
Engagements	Sino-French War First Sino-Japanese War
Commanders
Notable commanders	Li Hongzhang Ding Ruchang Sa Zhenbing

The Beiyang Fleet (Pei-yang Fleet; simplified Chinese: 北洋舰队; traditional Chinese: 北洋艦隊; pinyin: Běiyáng Jiànduì; Wade–Giles: Pei³-yang² Chien⁴-tui⁴; lit. 'Northern Ocean Fleet', alternatively Northern Seas Fleet) was one of the four modernized Chinese navies in the late Qing dynasty. Among the four, the Beiyang Fleet was particularly sponsored by Li Hongzhang, one of the most trusted vassals of Empress Dowager Cixi and the principal patron of the "self-strengthening movement" in northern China in his capacity as the Viceroy of Zhili and the Minister of Beiyang Commerce (北洋通商大臣). Due to Li's influence in the imperial court, the Beiyang Fleet garnered much greater resources than the other Chinese fleets and soon became the dominant navy in Asia before the onset of the 1894–1895 First Sino-Japanese War. It was the largest fleet in Asia and the 8th in the world during the late 1880s in terms of tonnage.^{[citation needed]}