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Biological agent

A bacteriological weapon that was in use by the Japanese Army's Unit 731 in China .[1]
A culture of Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax

Biological agents, also known as biological weapons or bioweapons, are pathogens used as weapons. In addition to these living or replicating pathogens, toxins and biotoxins are also included among the bio-agents. More than 1,200 different kinds of potentially weaponizable bio-agents have been described and studied to date.

Some biological agents have the ability to adversely affect human health in a variety of ways, ranging from relatively mild allergic reactions to serious medical conditions, including serious injury, as well as serious or permanent disability or death. Many of these organisms are ubiquitous in the natural environment where they are found in water, soil, plants, or animals.[2] Bio-agents may be amenable to "weaponization" to render them easier to deploy or disseminate. Genetic modification may enhance their incapacitating or lethal properties, or render them impervious to conventional treatments or preventives. Since many bio-agents reproduce rapidly and require minimal resources for propagation, they are also a potential danger in a wide variety of occupational settings.[2]

The 1972 Biological Weapons Convention is an international treaty banning the development, use or stockpiling of biological weapons; as of March 2021, there were 183 states parties to the treaty.[3] Bio-agents are, however, widely studied for both defensive and medical research purposes under various biosafety levels and within biocontainment facilities throughout the world.

  1. ^ "「標本室は目の開けられないくらい・・・」731部隊の実態、元少年兵の目に焼きついた光景【報道特集】". TBS News. 21 April 2024. Retrieved 2024-07-02.
  2. ^ a b "Biological Agents". United States Department of Labor: OSHA. Retrieved 2012-05-31.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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