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Boyar
 | You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian. (January 2021) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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| Knyaz (sovereign) |
| Boyar / Szlachta (noble) |
| Druzhinnik (retainer) |
| Smerd (free tenant) |
| Kholop (slave) |
| Part of a series on |
| Imperial, royal, noble, gentry and chivalric ranks in Europe |
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A boyar or bolyar was a member of the highest rank of the feudal nobility in many Eastern European states, including Bulgaria, Kievan Rus' (and later Russia), Moldavia and Wallachia (and later Romania), Lithuania and among Baltic Germans. Comparable to Dukes/Grand Dukes, Boyars were second only to the ruling princes, grand princes or tsars from the 10th to the 17th centuries.
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