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Bugis
To Ugi ᨈᨚ ᨕᨘᨁᨗ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 A couple walking under a Lellu' (traditional folding canopy) at their wedding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total population | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7 million (2010 census) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Regions with significant populations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Indonesia | 6,359,700[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Malaysia | 728,465[2] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Singapore | 15,000[2][3] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Languages | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Predominantly Bugis • Indonesian • Makassar Malay Also Massenrempulu • Malay | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Religion | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Predominantly Islam: 98.99%Minorities  Christians
(Protestant and Roman Catholic): 0.55% •  Hindu (incl. Tolotang): 0.41% • Other (including  Buddhist): 0.05%[4] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related ethnic groups | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Bugis people, also known as Buginese, are an Austronesian ethnic group – the most numerous of the three major linguistic and ethnic groups of South Sulawesi (the others being Makassarese and Torajan), in the south-western province of Sulawesi, third-largest island of Indonesia. The Bugis in 1605 converted to Islam from Animism.[5] Although the majority of Bugis are Muslim, a small minority adhere to Christianity as well as a pre-Islamic indigenous belief called Tolotang.[6]
The Bugis, whose population numbers around six million and constitutes less than 2.5% of the Indonesian population, are influential in the politics in the country; and historically influential on the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Lesser Sunda Islands and other parts of the archipelago where they have migrated en masse, starting in the late seventeenth century.[7] The third president of Indonesia, B. J. Habibie,[8][9] and a former vice president of Indonesia, Jusuf Kalla, are Bugis descent. In Malaysia, the reigning Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King of Malaysia), Sultan Ibrahim and eighth prime minister, Muhyiddin Yassin, have Bugis ancestry.[10][11]
Most Bugis people speak a distinct regional language called Bugis (Basa Ugi) in addition to Indonesian. The Bugis language belongs to the South Sulawesi language group; other members include Makassarese, Torajan, Mandarese[12] and Massenrempulu. The name Bugis is an exonym which represents an older form of the name; (To) Ugi is the endonym.[13]
- ^ Akhsan Na'im, Hendry Syaputra (2011). Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama dan Bahasa Sehari-hari Penduduk Indonesia Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2010. Badan Pusat Statistik. ISBN 9789790644175.
- ^ a b Mukrimin (2019). "Moving the Kitchen out": Contemporary Bugis Migration. Southeast Asian Studies.
- ^ Tham Seong Chee (1993). Malay Family Structure: Change and Continuity with Reference to Singapore. Department of Malay Studies National University of Singapore. p. 1. ISBN 9971-62-336-6.
- ^ Aris Ananta, Evi Nurvidya Arifin, M Sairi Hasbullah, Nur Budi Handayani, Agus Pramono. Demography of Indonesia's Ethnicity. Singapore: ISEAS: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2015. p. 273.
- ^ Ooi, Keat Gin (2004). Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, From Angkor Wat to East Timor. ABC-CLIO. p. 286. ISBN 1576077705.
- ^ Said, Nurman (Summer 2004). "Religion and Cultural Identity Among the Bugis (A Preliminary Remark)" (PDF). Inter-Religio (45): 12–20.
- ^ Andaya, Leonard Y. (1975). The kingdom of Johor, 1641-1728. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-580262-4. OCLC 906499076.
- ^ "Mengenang B.J Habibie: Fokus agar Usil Tetap Genius (1)". Jawa Pos. Jawa Pos. 9 November 2019. Retrieved 29 March 2022.
- ^ "BJ Habibie, Si Jenius Indonesia dari Sulawesi". Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology. Jawa Pos. 3 May 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ Cantika Adinda Putri (1 March 2020). "Ini Muhyiddin Yasin, PM Baru Malaysia Berdarah Bugis & Jawa". CNBC Indonesia. CNBC Indonesia. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
- ^ Cantika Adinda Putri (27 November 2017). "Sultan Johor: Saya pun Bugis, terasa juga". Malaysiakini. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
- ^ Mills, Roger Frederick (1975). "Proto South Sulawesi and Proto Austronesian phonology" (PDF). Ph. D Thesis. University of Michigan.
- ^ Shiv Shanker Tiwary & Rajeev Kumar (2009). Encyclopaedia of Southeast Asia and Its Tribes, Volume 1. Anmol Publications. p. 47. ISBN 978-81-261-3837-1.
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