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Cahuilla language
 | This article should specify the language of its non-English content, using {{lang}}, {{transliteration}} for transliterated languages, and {{IPA}} for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate ISO 639 code. Wikipedia's multilingual support templates may also be used - notably chl for Cahuilla. (May 2019) |
| Cahuilla | |
|---|---|
| Ivilyuat | |
| Pronunciation | [ʔivɪʎʊʔat] |
| Native to | United States |
| Region | Southern California |
| Ethnicity | 3,000—5,000 Cahuilla[1] |
| Extinct | by 2024[2] |
| Dialects |
|
| Latin, NAPA | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | chl |
| Glottolog | cahu1264 |
| ELP | Cahuilla |
 | |
 Cahuilla is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
| Person | ʔívil̃uqalet |
|---|---|
| People | ʔívil̃uqaletem |
| Language | ʔívil̃uʔat |
| Country | ʔívil̃uqaletem Meytémak |
Cahuilla /kəˈwiːə/, or Ivilyuat (Ɂívil̃uɂat or Ivil̃uɂat [ʔivɪʎʊʔat]), is an endangered Uto-Aztecan language, spoken by the various tribes of the Cahuilla Nation, living in the Coachella Valley, San Gorgonio Pass and San Jacinto Mountains region of southern California.[3] The Cahuilla demonyms include Ɂívil̃uwenetem or Iviatam–speakers of Ivilyuat (Iviɂa)–or táxliswet meaning "person."[4][5] A 1990 census revealed 35 speakers in an ethnic population of 800. With such a decline, Ivilyuat is classified as "critically endangered" by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger as most speakers are middle-aged or older with limited transmission rates to children.
Three dialects are known to exist: Desert, Mountain and Pass,[6] as well as some other sub-dialects.[7]
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
ucr-teachwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cahuilla at Ethnologue (27th ed., 2024)
- ^ "Cahuilla." Ethnologue Report for the Language Code: chl. (retrieved 13 December 2009)
- ^ "Cahuilla Indian Language (Iviatim)." Native Languages of the Americas. 2009 (retrieved 13 December 2009)
- ^ Sieler, Hansjakob; Hioki, Kojiro (1979). Cahuilla Dictionary. Morango Indian Reservation, Banning, California: Malki Museum Press.
- ^ Shipley, William F. (1978). "Native Languages of California". In R.F. Heizer (ed.). Handbook of North American Indians. Vol. 8, California. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution. pp. 80–90.
- ^ "Cahuilla". Limu Project. Archived from the original on 18 September 2015. Retrieved 12 March 2016.
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