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Constitution of Iran
| Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Jurisdiction | Islamic Republic of Iran |
| Created | 24 October 1979 |
| Ratified | 3 December 1979 |
| Date effective | 3 December 1979 |
| Government structure | |
| Branches | 3 |
| Head of state | Supreme Leader |
| Chambers | Islamic Consultative Assembly Guardian Council |
| Executive | President-led Government Prime Minister (until 1989) |
| Judiciary | Judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran Supreme Court of Iran |
| History | |
| First legislature | 14 March 1980 |
| First executive | 5 February 1980 |
| Amendments | 1 |
| Last amended | 28 July 1989 |
| Location | Tehran |
| Author(s) | Assembly of Experts for Constitution |
| Signatories | Constitutional referendum by the citizens of Iran |
| Supersedes | Persian Constitution of 1906 |
The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran[1][2] (Persian: قانون اساسی جمهوری اسلامی ایران, Qanun-e Asasi-ye Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi-ye Iran) is the supreme law of Iran. It was adopted by referendum on 2 and 3 December 1979,[3][4] and went into force replacing the Constitution of 1906.[5] It has been amended once, on 28 July 1989.[6] The constitution was originally made up of 175 articles in 12 chapters,[7] but amended in 1989 to 177 articles in 14 chapters.[8]
It has been called a hybrid regime of theocratic and democratic elements. Articles One and Two vest sovereignty in God, and Article Six "mandates popular elections for the presidency and the Majlis, or parliament."[9] Main democratic procedures and rights are subordinate to the Guardian Council and the Supreme Leader, whose powers are spelled out in Chapter Eight (Articles 107–112).[9][10]
- ^ "قانون". Archived from the original on 7 December 2006. Retrieved 6 December 2006.
- ^ "Constitution". Islamic Parliament of Iran. Archived from the original on 27 October 2016. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
- ^ Mahmood T. Davari (1 October 2004). The Political Thought of Ayatollah Murtaza Mutahhari: An Iranian Theoretician of the Islamic State. Routledge. p. 138. ISBN 978-1-134-29488-6.
- ^ Eur (31 October 2002). The Middle East and North Africa 2003. Psychology Press. p. 414. ISBN 978-1-85743-132-2.
- ^ Constitutional Background Archived 7 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine Hauser Global Law School Program
- ^ "Constitutional Background". Archived from the original on 8 September 2006. Retrieved 5 September 2006.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
cotiroi-Algarwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Constitutewas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Francis Fukuyama (28 July 2009). "Francis Fukuyama: Iranian constitution democratic at heart – WSJ". WSJ. Archived from the original on 2 January 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
- ^ Richard Horowitz. "A Detailed Analysis of Iran's Constitution – World Policy Institute" (PDF). worldpolicy.org. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
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