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Dhikr
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2015) |
Dhikr (Arabic: ذِكْر;[a] /ðɪkr/; lit. 'remembrance, reminder,[4] mention[5]') is a form of Islamic worship in which phrases or prayers are repeatedly recited for the purpose of remembering God.[4][6] It plays a central role in Sufism,[7] and each Sufi order typically adopts a specific dhikr, accompanied by specific posture, breathing, and movement.[8] In Sufism, dhikr refers to both the act of this remembrance as well as the prayers used in these acts of remembrance.[4] Dhikr usually includes the names of God or supplication from the Quran or hadith. It may be counted with either one's fingers or prayer beads,[4] and may be performed alone or with a collective group.[8] A person who recites dhikr is called a dhākir (ذَاكِر; [ðaːkɪr]; lit. 'rememberer').[5]
The Quran frequently refers to itself and other scriptures and prophetic messages as "reminders" (dhikrah, tadhkīrah), which is understood as a call to "remember" (dhikr) an innate knowledge of God humans already possess. The Quran uses the term dhikr to denote the reminder from God conveyed through the prophets and messengers, as well as the human response to that reminder, signifying a reciprocal interaction between the divine and human. Muslims believe the prophets deliver God's message as a reminder to humans, who, in turn, should remember and acknowledge it.[9]
- ^ Mohammad Taqi al-Modarresi (26 March 2016). The Laws of Islam (PDF). Enlight Press. ISBN 978-0994240989. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 August 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
- ^ "Evening Azkar". Dua and Adhkar. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
- ^ "Mishkat al-Masabih 2264 - Supplications - كتاب الدعوات - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)". sunnah.com. Retrieved 2021-04-17.
- ^ a b c d The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. John L. Esposito. New York: Oxford University Press. 2003. ISBN 0-19-512558-4. OCLC 50280143.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ a b Jalal al-Din al-Rumi (1983). The Sufi Path of Love: The Spiritual Teachings of Rumi. William C. Chittick. Albany: State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-87395-723-7. OCLC 9196745.
- ^ Morris, Julia (2014-03-01). "Baay Fall Sufi Da'iras: Voicing Identity Through Acoustic Communities". African Arts. 47 (1): 42–53. doi:10.1162/AFAR_a_00121. ISSN 0001-9933. S2CID 57563314.
- ^ Le Gall, Dina (2005). A Culture of Sufism: Naqshbandis in the Ottoman World, 1450-1700. SUNY Press. p. 117. ISBN 9780791462454. Retrieved 22 July 2019.
- ^ a b The encyclopaedia of Islam. H. A. R. Gibb, P. J. Bearman. Leiden: Brill. 1960–2009. pp. 223–224. ISBN 90-04-16121-X. OCLC 399624.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Chittick 2000, p. 63.
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