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Electrostatic solitary wave

In space physics, an electrostatic solitary wave (ESW) is a type of electromagnetic soliton occurring during short time scales (when compared to the general time scales of variations in the average electric field) in plasma. When a rapid change occurs in the electric field in a direction parallel to the orientation of the magnetic field, and this perturbation is caused by a unipolar or dipolar electric potential, it is classified as an ESW.[1]

Since the creation of ESWs is largely associated with turbulent fluid interactions,[2] some experiments use them to compare how chaotic a measured plasma's mixing is.[3] As such, many studies which involve ESWs are centered around turbulence, chaos, instabilities, and magnetic reconnection.[4][5][6][7]

  1. ^ Vasko, I. Y.; Agapitov, O. V.; Mozer, F. S.; Bonnell, J. W.; Artemyev, A. V.; Krasnoselskikh, V. V.; Reeves, G.; Hospodarsky, G. (2017-05-28). "Electron-acoustic solitons and double layers in the inner magnetosphere". Geophysical Research Letters. 44 (10): 4575–4583. Bibcode:2017GeoRL..44.4575V. doi:10.1002/2017GL074026. ISSN 0094-8276.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Graham, D. B.; Khotyaintsev, Yu. V.; Vaivads, A.; André, M. (April 2016). "Electrostatic solitary waves and electrostatic waves at the magnetopause". Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 121 (4): 3069–3092. Bibcode:2016JGRA..121.3069G. doi:10.1002/2015JA021527. ISSN 2169-9380.
  4. ^ Wang, R.; Vasko, I. Y.; Mozer, F. S.; Bale, S. D.; Kuzichev, I. V.; Artemyev, A. V.; Steinvall, K.; Ergun, R.; Giles, B.; Khotyaintsev, Y.; Lindqvist, P.-A.; Russell, C. T.; Strangeway, R. (July 2021). "Electrostatic Solitary Waves in the Earth's Bow Shock: Nature, Properties, Lifetimes, and Origin". Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 126 (7). arXiv:2103.05240. doi:10.1029/2021JA029357. ISSN 2169-9380.
  5. ^ Omura, Y.; Matsumoto, H.; Miyake, T.; Kojima, H. (February 1996). "Electron beam instabilities as generation mechanism of electrostatic solitary waves in the magnetotail". Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 101 (A2): 2685–2697. doi:10.1029/95ja03145. ISSN 0148-0227.
  6. ^ Matsumoto, H.; Deng, X. H.; Kojima, H.; Anderson, R. R. (March 2003). "Observation of Electrostatic Solitary Waves associated with reconnection on the dayside magnetopause boundary". Geophysical Research Letters. 30 (6). doi:10.1029/2002GL016319. ISSN 0094-8276.
  7. ^ Graham, D. B.; Khotyaintsev, Yu. V.; Vaivads, A.; André, M. (2015-01-28). "Electrostatic solitary waves with distinct speeds associated with asymmetric reconnection". Geophysical Research Letters. 42 (2): 215–224. doi:10.1002/2014GL062538. ISSN 0094-8276.

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