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Eutrapelia
Eutrapelia comes from the Greek for "wittiness" (Ancient Greek: εὐτραπελία, romanized: eutrapelia) and refers to pleasantness in conversation, with ease and a good sense of humor. It is one of Aristotle's virtues, being the "golden mean" between boorishness (ἀγροικία) and buffoonery (βωμολοχία).[1]
Construed narrowly, eutrapelia is associated with an emotion in the same manner modesty and righteousness are associated with emotion; while it is not tied to any particular emotion when construed in wider terms, and is classified with truthfulness, friendliness, and dignity in the category of mean-dispositions that cannot be called pathetikai mesotetes.[2]
In Ephesians 5:4, Paul the Apostle uses the word εὐτραπελία with a negative meaning, referring to dirty jokes which do not befit Christians.[3] John Chrysostom follows him in strongly criticizing inappropriate witticism, warning "that the greatest evils are both produced and increased by it, and that it oftentimes terminates in fornication".[4]
Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274), viewed eutrapelia in a positive light, again, favoring the ancient Aristotelian notion that it is constituted by mental relaxation and honorable fun.[5] In the Summa Theologica, Aquinas made it the virtue of moderation in relation to jesting.[5]
By the second half of thirteenth century, the concept was considered a state of judicious pleasure and returned to being considered a virtue by commentators.[6]
The term eutrapely is derived from eutrapelia and, since 1596, shares the original meaning of wittiness in conversations.[7]
- ^ Aristotle. The Nicomachean Ethics. IV.8.
- ^ Fortenbaugh, William (2006). Aristotle's Practical Side: On his Psychology, Ethics, Politics and Rhetoric. Leiden: Brill. p. 147. ISBN 9789004151642.
- ^ Strong, James. "Strong's Greek: 2160. εὐτραπελία (eutrapelia) -- Coarse jesting, vulgarity, ribaldry". biblehub.com. Retrieved 27 November 2024.
- ^ John Chrysostom (407). "John Chrysostom on Ephesians 5:4 - Catena Bible & Commentaries". www.catenabible.com. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
- ^ a b Screech, Michael (2015). Laughter at the Foot of the Cross. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 138. ISBN 9780226245119.
- ^ Page, Christopher (1990). The Owl and the Nightingale: Musical Life and Ideas in France 1100–1300. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press. p. 38. ISBN 0520069447.
- ^ Garg, Anu (December 20, 2019). "eutrapely". A Word A Day.
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