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Eviction in the United States
Eviction in the United States refers to the pattern of tenant removal by landlords in the United States.[1] In an eviction process, landlords forcibly remove tenants from their place of residence and reclaim the property.[2] Landlords may decide to evict tenants who have failed to pay rent, violated lease terms, or possess an expired lease.[1] Landlords may also choose not to renew a tenant's lease, however, this does not constitute an eviction.[2] In the United States, eviction procedures, landlord rights, and tenant protections vary by state and locality.[2] Historically, the United States has seen changes in domestic eviction rates during periods of major socio-political and economic turmoil—including the Great Depression, the 2008 Recession, and the COVID-19 pandemic. High eviction rates are driven by affordable housing shortages and rising housing costs.[3] Across the United States, low-income and disadvantaged neighborhoods have disproportionately higher eviction rates.[4] Certain demographics—including low income renters, Black and Hispanic renters, women, and people with children—are also at a greater risk of eviction.[4] Additionally, eviction filings remain on renters' public records. This can make it more difficult for renters to access future housing, since most landlords will not rent to a tenant with a history of eviction.[1] Eviction and housing instability are also linked to many negative health and life outcomes, including homelessness, poverty, and poor mental and physical health.
Unfortunately, the United States eviction crisis is not fully understood due to poorly documented eviction records and limited research on the topic.[5] Landlord-initiated expulsion of tenants is not officially tracked or monitored by the federal government and has not been subject to comprehensive analysis. In 2016, sociologist Matthew Desmond published Evicted: Poverty and Profit in the American City which brought wide-scale attention to the United States eviction crisis.[6] In his book, Desmond researches and analyzes eviction patterns in impoverished Milwaukee neighborhoods. Desmond also emphasizes racial and gender disparities in eviction rates and the subsequent social cost on these evictees.[6] In 2017, Desmond established The Eviction Lab: an interactive website that publicizes data on eviction trends across the United States.[7]
- ^ a b c Gold, Allyson E. (Fall 2016). "No home for justice: how eviction perpetuates health inequity among low-income and minority tenants". Georgetown Journal on Poverty Law & Policy. 24 (1): 59–88. SSRN 2992594. Gale A488711843.
- ^ a b c "Eviction". 2022. LII / Legal Information Institute. https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/eviction Archived 2022-09-15 at the Wayback Machine .
- ^ Raymond, Elora L.; Duckworth, Richard; Miller, Benjmain; Lucas, Michael; Pokharel, Shiraj (December 2016). "Corporate Landlords, Institutional Investors, and Displacement: Eviction Rates in Singlefamily Rentals" (PDF). SSRN 2893552. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-21. Retrieved 2022-11-14.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b Desmond, Matthew (July 2012). "Eviction and the Reproduction of Urban Poverty". American Journal of Sociology. 118 (1): 88–133. doi:10.1086/666082. S2CID 44826562.
- ^ Tsai, Jack; Huang, Minda (May 2019). "Systematic review of psychosocial factors associated with evictions". Health & Social Care in the Community. 27 (3): e1 – e9. doi:10.1111/hsc.12619. PMID 30014532. S2CID 51657469.
- ^ a b Desmond, Matthew. Evicted: Poverty and profit in the American city. Crown, 2016.
- ^ "The Eviction Lab". Eviction Lab. Archived from the original on 2022-10-21. Retrieved 2022-10-21.
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