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Exotic atom
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An exotic atom is an otherwise normal atom in which one or more sub-atomic particles have been replaced by other particles. For example, electrons may be replaced by other negatively charged particles such as muons (muonic atoms) or pions (pionic atoms).[1][2] Because these substitute particles are usually unstable, exotic atoms typically have very short lifetimes and no exotic atom observed so far can persist under normal conditions.
- ^ §1.8, Constituents of Matter: Atoms, Molecules, Nuclei and Particles, Ludwig Bergmann, Clemens Schaefer, and Wilhelm Raith, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1997, ISBN 3-11-013990-1.
- ^ Hartmann, Joachim (January 2000). "Exotic atoms". AccessScience. McGraw-Hill. doi:10.1036/1097-8542.YB000560. Archived from the original on 2007-12-22. Retrieved September 26, 2007.
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