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Flucytosine
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Ancobon, Ancotil, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a601132 |
| Pregnancy category |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth, intravenous |
| ATC code | |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 75 to 90% (by mouth) |
| Protein binding | 2.9 to 4% |
| Metabolism | minimal, in the GI tract |
| Elimination half-life | 2.4 to 4.8 hours |
| Excretion | kidney (90%) |
| Identifiers | |
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| CAS Number | |
| PubChem CID | |
| DrugBank | |
| ChemSpider | |
| UNII | |
| KEGG | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.016.336 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C4H4FN3O |
| Molar mass | 129.094 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Melting point | 295 to 297 °C (563 to 567 °F) (dec.) |
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Flucytosine, also known as 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), is an antifungal medication.[2] It is specifically used, together with amphotericin B, for serious Candida infections and cryptococcosis.[2] It may be used by itself or with other antifungals for chromomycosis.[2] Flucytosine is used by mouth and by injection into a vein.[2][3]
Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, loss of appetite, diarrhea, vomiting, and psychosis.[2] Anaphylaxis and other allergic reactions occasionally occur.[2] It is unclear if use in pregnancy is safe for the baby.[4] Flucytosine is in the fluorinated pyrimidine analogue family of medications.[2] It works by being converted into fluorouracil inside the fungus, which impairs its ability to make protein.[2]
Flucytosine was first made in 1957.[5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[6] As of 2016, in the United States the medication cost about US$2,000 per day while in the United Kingdom it is about US$22 per day.[7] It is not available in much of the developing world.[8]
- ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 Oct 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Flucytosine". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^ World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. p. 147. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
- ^ "Flucytosine (Ancobon) Use During Pregnancy". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
- ^ Northern Neonatal Network (2008). "Drug Monographs: Flucytosine". Neonatal Formulary: Drug Use in Pregnancy and the First Year of Life (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. p. 108. ISBN 9780470750353. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ Merry M, Boulware DR (June 2016). "Cryptococcal Meningitis Treatment Strategies Affected by the Explosive Cost of Flucytosine in the United States: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 62 (12): 1564–1568. doi:10.1093/cid/ciw151. PMC 4885648. PMID 27009249.
- ^ Brew BJ, Laffan A (2016). "Opportunistic infections in HIV-positive subjects and AIDS patients". In Lisak RP, Truong DD, Carroll WM, Bhidayasiri R (eds.). International Neurology (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. p. 343. ISBN 9781118777350. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20.
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