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Fluphenazine
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Prolixin, Modecate, Moditen others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682172 |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth, Intramuscular injection, depot injection (fluphenazine decanoate) |
| Drug class | Typical antipsychotic |
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| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 2.7% (by mouth) |
| Metabolism | unclear[2] |
| Elimination half-life | IM 15 hours (HCl), 7–10 days (decanoate)[2] |
| Excretion | Urine, feces |
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| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.639 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C22H26F3N3OS |
| Molar mass | 437.53 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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Fluphenazine, sold under the brand name Prolixin among others, is a high-potency typical antipsychotic medication.[2] It is used in the treatment of chronic psychoses such as schizophrenia,[2][3] and appears to be about equal in effectiveness to low-potency antipsychotics like chlorpromazine.[4] It is given by mouth, injection into a muscle, or just under the skin.[2] There is also a long acting injectable version that may last for up to four weeks.[2] Fluphenazine decanoate, the depot injection form of fluphenazine, should not be used by people with severe depression.[5]
Common side effects include movement problems, sleepiness, depression and increased weight.[2] Serious side effects may include neuroleptic malignant syndrome, low white blood cell levels, and the potentially permanent movement disorder tardive dyskinesia.[2] In older people with psychosis as a result of dementia it may increase the risk of dying.[2] It may also increase prolactin levels which may result in milk production, enlarged breasts in males, impotence, and the absence of menstrual periods.[2] It is unclear if it is safe for use in pregnancy.[2]
Fluphenazine is a typical antipsychotic of the phenothiazine class.[2] Its mechanism of action is not entirely clear but believed to be related to its ability to block dopamine receptors.[2] In up to 40% of those on long term phenothiazines, liver function tests become mildly abnormal.[6]
Fluphenazine came into use in 1959.[7] The injectable form is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[8] It is available as a generic medication.[2] It was discontinued in Australia in 2017.[9]
- ^ Anvisa (31 March 2023). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 4 April 2023). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "fluphenazine decanoate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
- ^ "Product Information: Modecate (Fluphenazine Decanoate Oily Injection )" (PDF). TGA eBusiness Services. Bristol-Myers Squibb Australia Pty Ltd. 1 November 2012. Archived from the original on 2 August 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2013.
- ^ Tardy M, Huhn M, Engel RR, Leucht S (August 2014). "Fluphenazine versus low-potency first-generation antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014 (8): CD009230. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009230.pub2. PMC 10898219. PMID 25087165.
- ^ "Modecate Injection 25mg/ml - Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) - (eMC)". www.medicines.org.uk. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
- ^ "Fluphenazine". livertox.nih.gov. 2012. PMID 31643176. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
- ^ McPherson EM (2007). Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Encyclopedia (3rd ed.). Burlington: Elsevier. p. 1680. ISBN 9780815518563.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ Rossi S, ed. (July 2017). "Fluphenazine - Australian Medicines Handbook". Australian Medicines Handbook. Adelaide, Australia: Australian Medicines Handbook Pty Ltd. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
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