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Gaza war

This article is about the ongoing war in the Gaza Strip and Israel. For the broader conflict, see Gaza–Israel conflict and Israeli–Palestinian conflict. For the previous wars, see Gaza War (disambiguation).

Gaza war
Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict, the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, and the Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present)
Map of the Gaza Strip and part of Israel. The part of Israel surrounding the Strip is marked as evacuated. Some parts of the Strip is marked as under Israeli control, and the remainder is marked as under Hamas control.
  Gaza Strip under Palestinian control
  Gaza Strip under Israeli control
  Furthest Israeli advance in Gaza Strip
  Evacuated areas inside Israel
  Maximum extent of the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel
  Areas of Gaza subject to Israeli evacuation orders


Date7 October 2023 – present
(1 year, 3 months, 3 weeks and 2 days)
Location
Gaza Strip and Israel
Status

Ongoing

Belligerents
 Hamas
  Israel[c]
Commanders and leaders
Units involved
See Order of battle
Strength
Hamas 20,000–40,000+[f] Israel 529,500[g]
United States 100[12][13]
Casualties and losses

Gaza Strip:

  • 47,417+ reported killed[h] (a larger estimate of 70,000+ exists for total direct deaths)[26]
  • Indirect deaths[i][28] likely to be multiple times higher[29][30][j]
  • 6,000 to 10,000+ missing[k]
  • 111,571+ wounded[15][16][17][40]
  • 16,300+ detained[41]
  • 1,900,000 displaced[42]

West Bank:[l]

Militants inside Israel:[n]

Lebanon and Syria:
Total killed: 53,984+[q]

Israel:

Total killed: 1,970+
Casualties in Egypt
  • 2 Egyptian border guards[65] and 1 civilian killed[66]
    9 border guards[67] and 6 civilians[68] wounded
    4 Egyptian workers injured by an Israeli airstrike while repairing Rafah Crossing[69][70]
This box:

The Gaza war, also known as the Israel–Hamas war or the Israel–Gaza war,[discuss] has been fought between Israel and Hamas-led Palestinian militant groups[t] in the Gaza Strip and Israel since 7 October 2023. It is the fifth war since 2008 in the Gaza–Israel conflict, and the most significant military engagement in the region since the Yom Kippur War in 1973.[71] The first day of the war was the deadliest for Israel, and it is the deadliest war for Palestinians in the history of the conflict,[72] sparking an ongoing Middle Eastern crisis.

On 7 October 2023, Hamas-led militant groups launched a surprise attack on Israel, taking 251 hostages. The attack resulted in the deaths of 1,195 Israelis and foreign nationals, including 815 civilians.[73][74] After applying "mass" Hannibal Directive against its own citizens[75][76][77] and clearing militants from its territory, Israel launched a bombing campaign[78][79] and invaded Gaza on 27 October with the stated objectives of destroying Hamas and freeing the hostages.[80][81] Israeli forces launched numerous campaigns during the invasion, including the Rafah offensive from May 2024, three battles fought around Khan Yunis, and the Siege of North Gaza from October 2024. Flashpoints attracting global attention included the Al-Ahli Arab Hospital explosion, the Flour massacre, the Tel al-Sultan attack, and the killing of five-year-old Hind Rajab. A temporary ceasefire in November 2023 broke down, but both sides agreed to a new deal on 15 January 2025,[82] which took effect four days later.[83]

Since the start of the Israeli offensive, over 47,000 Palestinians in Gaza have been reported as killed,[u] over half of them women and children.[20][84][85] The Lancet has estimated more than 70,000 direct deaths due to traumatic injuries.[26] More than 100,000 Palestinians have also been injured.[86] Israel's tightened blockade cut off basic necessities, causing a severe hunger crisis with a high risk of famine persisting as of November 2024.[87][88] By early 2025, Israel had caused unprecedented destruction in Gaza and made large parts of it uninhabitable,[89] leveling entire cities[90] and destroying the healthcare system, agricultural land,[91] religious and cultural landmarks,[92] educational facilities,[93][94] and cemeteries.[95] Nearly all of the strip's 2.3 million Palestinian population have been forcibly displaced.[96][97] Over 100,000 Israelis were internally displaced as of February 2024.[98] Torture and sexual violence were committed by Palestinian militant groups and Israeli forces.[99]

The war continues to have significant regional and international repercussions. Large, primarily pro-Palestinian, protests have taken place across the world calling for a ceasefire. Various experts and human rights organizations have stated that Israel and Hamas have committed war crimes and said that the events in Gaza were genocide.[100] A case accusing Israel of committing genocide is being reviewed by the International Court of Justice, while the International Criminal Court has issued arrest warrants for Israeli and Hamas leaders.[101] Israel assassinated Hamas leaders inside and outside Gaza. Israel received extensive military and diplomatic support from the United States, which has vetoed multiple pro-ceasefire resolutions from the UN Security Council.[102] The war has reverberated regionally, with Axis of Resistance groups across several Arab countries and Iran clashing with Israel and the United States. By late 2024, a year of strikes between Israel and Hezbollah led to a brief Israeli invasion of Lebanon, as well as the fall of the Assad regime and an ongoing Israeli invasion of Syria.

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  2. ^ a b "Who are Hamas's allies in Gaza? From Islamic Jihad to Marxist militants". The National. 15 November 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  3. ^ Guy Van Vlierden (14 October 2023). "HLN Onderzoek. Van jihadisten tot communisten: zeker 10 groeperingen deden mee met actie Palestijnse terroristen" [HLN Research. From jihadists to communists: at least 10 groups participated in Palestinian terrorist action]. Het Laatste Nieuws (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 14 October 2023.
  4. ^ Smyth, Phillip (December 2023). "The Path to October 7: How Iran Built Up and Managed a Palestinian 'Axis of Resistance'". CTC Sentinel. 16 (11). Combating Terrorism Center.
  5. ^ Fabian, Emanuel (19 October 2023). "IDF says it killed head of military wing of Gaza's Popular Resistance Committees". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
  6. ^ Abraham, Yuval (3 April 2024). "'Lavender': The AI machine directing Israel's bombing spree in Gaza". +972 Magazine. Retrieved 12 June 2024. as many as 37,000 Palestinians as suspected militants
  7. ^ "How Israel is using 'Lavender' and 'Daddy' to identify 37,000 Hamas operatives". The Economic Times. 9 April 2024. Retrieved 12 June 2024. The "Lavender" system is designed to identify individuals suspected of being part of Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), even targeting those with lower ranks for potential aerial bombardments. In the initial stages of the conflict, the military heavily relied on Lavender, leading to the system labeling up to 37,000 Palestinians as militants, along with their residences, for potential airstrikes.
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Israel-Hamas-oorlog AF الحرب الفلسطينية الإسرائيلية (2023 – الآن) Arabic لمطايفة د غزة و إسرائيل د أكتوبر 2023 ARY حرب اسرائيل و حماس 2023 ARZ HƏMAS–İsrail müharibəsi AZ Вайна Ізраіля з ХАМАС BE Вайна ХАМАСу з Ізраілем (з 2023) BE-X-OLD Война на Израел срещу „Хамас“ Bulgarian इजराइल–हमास जुद्ध 2023 BH ইসরায়েল–হামাস যুদ্ধ Bengali/Bangla

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