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Giacomo Costantino Beltrami (1779 – January 6, 1855[1]) was an Italian jurist, author, and explorer, known for claiming to have discovered the headwaters of the Mississippi River in 1823 while on a trip through much of the United States (later expeditions determined a different source). In Minnesota, Beltrami (in Polk County) and Beltrami County are named for him.[2] He had an extensive network of notable figures for friends and acquaintances, including members of the powerful Medici family.