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Grandmaster (chess)
Grandmaster (GM) is a title awarded to chess players by the world chess organization FIDE. Apart from World Champion, Grandmaster is the highest title a chess player can attain. Once achieved, the title is held for life, though exceptionally the title can be revoked for cheating.
The title of Grandmaster, along with the lesser FIDE titles of International Master (IM), FIDE Master (FM), and Candidate Master (CM), is open to all players regardless of gender. The great majority of grandmasters are men, but 42 women have been awarded the GM title as of 2024, out of a total of about 2000 grandmasters.[1] There is also a Woman Grandmaster title with lower requirements awarded only to women.
There are also Grandmaster titles for composers and solvers of chess problems, awarded by the World Federation for Chess Composition (see List of grandmasters for chess composition). The International Correspondence Chess Federation (ICCF) awards the title of International Correspondence Chess Grandmaster. Both of these bodies are now independent of FIDE, but work in cooperation with it.
"Super grandmaster" is an informal term to refer to the world's elite players. In the past this would refer to players with an Elo rating of over 2600, but as the average Elo rating of the top players has increased, it has typically come to refer to players with an Elo rating of over 2700. Super GMs have some name recognition and are typically the highest earners in chess.[2][3]
FIDE titles are awarded at the quarterly FIDE Council meetings. Players who have qualified for the GM title but have not yet been awarded it are informally referred to as "GM-elect".[4][5][6]
- ^ "FIDE Ratings". Archived from the original on 2021-12-01. Retrieved 2021-10-28.
- ^ Friedel, Frederic (2020-08-18). "Thirteen Super Grandmasters!". Chess News. Archived from the original on 2021-12-16. Retrieved 2021-01-19.
- ^ "Title Inflation Waters Down the Meaning of Grandmaster". The New York Times. 2008-04-20. Archived from the original on 2021-12-15. Retrieved 2021-01-19.
- ^ "Christopher Yoo Breaks 2500 FIDE; Becomes GM-Elect". US Chess.org. 2021-12-16. Retrieved 2023-05-28.
- ^ "Congratulations to GM-elect Christopher Yoo, who has broken (subject to FIDE confirmation) the 2500 barrier to become a grandmaster at 14 years and 51 weeks!". Twitter. Retrieved 2023-05-28.
- ^ Green (NathanielGreen), Nathaniel (2022-10-19). "World's Top Teenager Makes Triumphant Return". Chess.com. Retrieved 2023-05-28.
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