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Henipavirus
| Henipavirus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Colored transmission electron micrograph of a Hendra henipavirus virion (ca. 300 nm length) | |
Virus classification 
| |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Negarnaviricota |
| Class: | Monjiviricetes |
| Order: | Mononegavirales |
| Family: | Paramyxoviridae |
| Subfamily: | Orthoparamyxovirinae |
| Genus: | Henipavirus |
| Species | |
Henipavirus is a genus of negative-strand RNA viruses in the family Paramyxoviridae, order Mononegavirales containing six established species,[1][2] and numerous others still under study.[3] Henipaviruses are naturally harboured by several species of small mammals, notably pteropid fruit bats (flying foxes), microbats of several species,[4] and shrews.[5][6] Henipaviruses are characterised by long genomes and a wide host range. Their recent emergence as zoonotic pathogens capable of causing illness and death in domestic animals and humans is a cause of concern.[7][8]
In 2009, RNA sequences of three novel viruses in phylogenetic relationship to known henipaviruses were detected in African straw-colored fruit bats (Eidolon helvum) in Ghana. The finding of these novel henipaviruses outside Australia and Asia indicates that the region of potential endemicity of henipaviruses may be worldwide.[9] These African henipaviruses are slowly being characterised.[10]
Nipah and Hendra henipaviruses are both considered category C (USDA-HHS overlap) select agents.[11]
- ^ Rima, B; Balkema-Buschmann, A; Dundon, WG; Duprex, WP; Easton, A; Fouchier, R; Kurath, G; Lamb, R; Lee, B; Rota, P; Wang, L; ICTV Report Consortium (December 2019). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Paramyxoviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 100 (12): 1593–1594. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001328. PMC 7273325. PMID 31609197.
- ^ "ICTV Report Paramyxoviridae".
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Wu-2014was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Li, Y; Wang, J; Hickey, AC; Zhang, Y; Li, Y; Wu, Y; Zhang, Huajun; et al. (December 2008). "Antibodies to Nipah or Nipah-like viruses in bats, China [letter]". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 14 (12): 1974–6. doi:10.3201/eid1412.080359. PMC 2634619. PMID 19046545.
- ^ Cheng, Amy (10 August 2022). "New Langya virus that may have spilled over from animals infects dozens". The Washington Post.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Zhang-2022was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Sawatsky (2008). "Hendra and Nipah Virus". Animal Viruses: Molecular Biology. Caister Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-22-6.
- ^ "Nipah yet to be confirmed, 86 under observation: Shailaja". OnManorama. Retrieved 4 June 2019.
- ^ Drexler JF, Corman VM, Gloza-Rausch F, Seebens A, Annan A (2009). Markotter W (ed.). "Henipavirus RNA in African Bats". PLOS ONE. 4 (7): e6367. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.6367D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006367. PMC 2712088. PMID 19636378.
- ^ Drexler JF, Corman VM; et al. (2012). "Bats host major mammalian paramyxoviruses". Nat Commun. 3: 796. Bibcode:2012NatCo...3..796D. doi:10.1038/ncomms1796. PMC 3343228. PMID 22531181.
- ^ "Federal Select Agent Program". www.selectagents.gov. 8 January 2021. Retrieved 15 January 2021.
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