Hidalgo (state)

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Hidalgo Dalgo (Otomí)
State
Free and Sovereign State of Hidalgo Estado Libre y Soberano de Hidalgo (Spanish) Tlahtohcayotl Hidalgo (Nahuatl) Hyodi Dalgo (Otomí)
The Barranca de Metztitlán
Coat of arms
State of Hidalgo within Mexico
Map
Country	Mexico
Capital	Pachuca de Soto
Largest City	Pachuca de Soto
Municipalities	84
Admission	January 16, 1869[1]
Order	26th
Government
• Governor	Julio Menchaca ()
• Senators[2]	Navor Rojas Merced González Nuvia Mayorga
• Deputies[3]	Federal Deputies • Fortunato Rivera Castillo • Cipriano Charrez Pedraza • Lolis Jiménez Ramírez • María Isabel Alfaro Morales • Julio César Ángeles Mendoza • Lidia García Anaya • Miguel Ángel Pérez Navarrete • Gloria Romero León • Hugo Rafael Ruiz Lustre • María Solís
Area [4]
• Total	20,813 km2 (8,036 sq mi)
	Ranked 26th
Highest elevation [5]	3,350 m (10,990 ft)
Population  (2020)[6]
• Total	3,082,841
• Rank	17th
• Density	150/km2 (380/sq mi)
• Rank	8th
Demonym	Hidalguense
GDP [7]
• Total	MXN 482 billion (US$24.0 billion) (2022)
• Per capita	(US$7,530) (2022)
Time zone	UTC−6 (CST)
Postal code	42000-43000
Area code	Area codes 1, 2 and 3 • 427 • 441 • 483 • 591 • 736 • 738 • 743 • 745 • 746 • 748 • 759 • 761 • 763 • 771 • 772 • 773 • 774 • 775 • 776 • 778 • 779 • 789 • 791
ISO 3166 code	MX-HID
HDI	0.760 high Ranked 25th of 32
Website	Official Web Site

Hidalgo,^[a] officially the Free and Sovereign State of Hidalgo,^[b] is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, constitute the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is divided into 84 municipalities and its capital city is Pachuca de Soto. It is located in east-central Mexico^[8] and is bordered by San Luis Potosí and Veracruz on the north, Puebla on the east, Tlaxcala and State of Mexico on the south and Querétaro on the west.^[9]

In 1869, Benito Juárez created the State of Hidalgo and made Pachuca its capital city; "de Soto" was added later in recognition of Manuel Fernando Soto [es], who is considered the most important driving force in creating the state.^[10] The state was named after Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, the initiator of the Mexican War of Independence.

The indigenous peoples of the state, such as the Otomi, retain much of their traditional culture. In addition to Mexicans of Spanish descent, there are also notable immigrant cultures: those of the descendants of Cornish miners from Cornwall (located in South West England) who arrived in the 19th century,^[11] a few self-proclaimed Italian descendants, and a small Jewish enclave which claims to be descended from Sephardi Jews which came to New Spain in the 16th century.^[12][13]

Hidalgo is known for its mountainous terrain, though part of the state is on a coastal plain. With a population of 2.858 million and an area of roughly 20,813 square km, Hidalgo is one of Mexico's smaller states. The state contains a number of ecotourism, cultural and archeological attractions including the Huasteca area, the ruins of Tula, natural hot water springs, old haciendas and mountain ranges.^{[14][15][16][17]}

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