Hispania

Hispania Ἱσπανία (Ancient Greek)
218 BCE–472 CE
Timeline of the Roman conquest of Hispania (220 BC–19 BC), with Roman provincial boundaries shown
Capital	Baetica: Corduba Ulterior: Emerita Augusta Citerior: Tarraco 40°13′N 4°21′W / 40.21°N 4.35°W / 40.21; -4.35
Common languages	Latin, various Paleohispanic languages
Religion	Traditional indigenous and Roman religion, followed by Christianity
Government	Autocracy
Emperor
• AD 98 – AD 117	Trajan
• AD 117 – AD 138	Hadrian
• AD 379 – AD 395	Theodosius I
Legislature	Roman Senate
Historical era	Classical antiquity
• Established	218 BCE
• Disestablished	472 CE
Population
•	5,000,000 or more
Preceded by Succeeded by Carthaginian Iberia Visigothic Kingdom Kingdom of the Suebi Spania

Hispania^[1] was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula. Under the Roman Republic, Hispania was divided into two provinces: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior. During the Principate, Hispania Ulterior was divided into two new provinces, Baetica and Lusitania, while Hispania Citerior was renamed Hispania Tarraconensis. Subsequently, the western part of Tarraconensis was split off, initially as Hispania Nova, which was later renamed "Callaecia" (or Gallaecia, whence modern Galicia).

From Diocletian's Tetrarchy (AD 293) onwards, the south of the remainder of Tarraconensis was again split off as Carthaginensis, and all of the mainland Hispanic provinces, along with the Balearic Islands and the North African province of Mauretania Tingitana, were later grouped into a civil diocese headed by a vicarius. The name Hispania was also used in the period of Visigothic rule. The modern place names of Spain and Hispaniola are both derived from Hispania.