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Isosorbide dinitrate
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Isordil, others[1] |
| Other names | ISDN; (3R,3aS,6S,6aS)-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-3,6-diyl dinitrate |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682348 |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth |
| ATC code | |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 10–90%, average 25% |
| Metabolism | Liver |
| Elimination half-life | 1 hour |
| Excretion | Kidney |
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| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.001.583 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C6H8N2O8 |
| Molar mass | 236.136 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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Isosorbide dinitrate is a medication used for heart failure, esophageal spasms, and to treat and prevent chest pain from not enough blood flow to the heart.[1] It has been found to be particularly useful in heart failure due to systolic dysfunction together with hydralazine.[2][1] It is taken by mouth or under the tongue.[1]
Common side effects include headache, lightheadedness with standing, and blurred vision.[1] Severe side effects include low blood pressure.[1] It is unclear if use in pregnancy is safe for the baby.[1] It should not be used together with PDE5 Inhibitors.[1] Isosorbide dinitrate is in the nitrate family of medications and works by dilating blood vessels.[1]
Isosorbide dinitrate was first written about in 1939.[3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[4] Isosorbide dinitrate is available as a generic medication.[1][5] A long-acting form exists.[1] In 2022, isosorbide was the 119th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 5 million prescriptions.[6][7]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Isosorbide Dinitrate/Mononitrate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^ Chavey WE, Bleske BE, Van Harrison R, Hogikyan RV, Kesterson SK, Nicklas JM (April 2008). "Pharmacologic management of heart failure caused by systolic dysfunction". American Family Physician. 77 (7): 957–964. PMID 18441861.
- ^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 454. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ "Competitive Generic Therapy Approvals". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 29 June 2023. Archived from the original on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
- ^ "The Top 300 of 2022". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 30 August 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
- ^ "Isosorbide Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022". ClinCalc. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
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