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JP-10 (fuel)
JP-10 (Jet Propellant 10) is a synthetic jet fuel, specified and used mainly as fuel in missiles. Being designed for military purposes, it is not a kerosene based fuel.
Developed to be a gas turbine fuel for cruise missiles,[1] it contains mainly exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (exo-THDCPD) with some endo-isomer impurity.[2] About 100 ppm of alkylphenol-based antioxidant is added to prevent gumming. Optionally, 0.10–0.15% of fuel system icing inhibitor may be added.[3] Exo-THDCPD is produced by catalytic hydrogenation of dicyclopentadiene and then isomerization.[4]
It superseded JP-9, which is a mixture of norbornadiene-based RJ-5 fuel, tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene and methylcyclohexane, because of a lower temperature service limit and about four times lower price.[5] Since the lack of volatile methylcyclohexane makes its ignition difficult, a separate priming fluid PF-1 with about 10-12% of this additive is required for the engine start-up.[5] Its main use is in the Tomahawk missiles.[6]
The Russian equivalent is called detsilin.
- ^ Aviation Fuel Properties (PDF). Coordinating Research Council. 1983. p. 3. CRC Report Nº 530. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-07-22. Retrieved 2023-12-06.
- ^ Schmidt 2022b, p. 3561.
- ^ Schmidt 2022b, pp. 3561–3562.
- ^ Schmidt 2022a, p. 1248.
- ^ a b Martel, Charles R. (1987). Military Jet Fuels, 1944-1987. Aero Propulsion Laboratory, Air Force Wright Aeronautical Laboratories, Air Force Systems Command, United States Air Force. p. 10.
- ^ Coggeshall, Katharine. "Revolutionizing Tomahawk fuel". Los Alamos National Laboratory. Archived from the original on 21 May 2020. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
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