Judicial Committee of the Privy Council

Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
Arms as used by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council as of 2024[update][1]
51°30′01.3″N 0°07′41.3″W / 51.500361°N 0.128139°W / 51.500361; -0.128139
Established	14 August 1833
Jurisdiction	List of countries  Antigua and Barbuda  The Bahamas  Grenada  Jamaica  St. Kitts and Nevis  St. Vincent and the Grenadines  Tuvalu  Cook Islands  Niue  Isle of Man  Jersey  Alderney  Sark  Guernsey  Anguilla  Bermuda  British Virgin Islands  Cayman Islands  Falkland Islands  Gibraltar  Montserrat  Saint Helena  Ascension  Tristan da Cunha  Turks and Caicos  Pitcairn Islands  British Antarctic Territory  British Indian Ocean Territory  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands  Akrotiri and Dhekelia  Mauritius  Trinidad and Tobago  Kiribati  Brunei Darussalam  United Kingdom
Location	Middlesex Guildhall, City of Westminster, London, England
Coordinates	51°30′01.3″N 0°07′41.3″W / 51.500361°N 0.128139°W / 51.500361; -0.128139
Authorised by	Judicial Committee Act 1833 Judicial Committee Act 1844
Website	jcpc.uk

The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC) is the highest court of appeal for the Crown Dependencies, the British Overseas Territories, some Commonwealth countries and a few institutions in the United Kingdom. Established on 14 August 1833 to hear appeals formerly heard by the King-in-Council,^[2] the Privy Council formerly acted as the court of last resort for the entire British Empire, other than for the United Kingdom itself.^[3][4]

Formally a statutory committee of His Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, the Judicial Committee consists of senior judges who are Privy Councillors; they are predominantly justices of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom and senior judges from the Commonwealth of Nations. Although it is often simply referred to as the "Privy Council", the Judicial Committee is only one constituent part of the Council. In Commonwealth realms, appeals are nominally made to "His Majesty in Council" (i.e. the British monarch as formally advised by his privy counsellors), who then refers the case to the Judicial Committee for "advice", while in republics in the Commonwealth of Nations retaining the JCPC as their final court of appeal, appeals are made directly to the Judicial Committee itself. The panel of judges (typically five in number) hearing a particular case is known as "the Board". The report of the Board is, by convention, always accepted by the King-in-Council as judgment.