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Kalvari-class submarine (2015)
&sq=crain_ford&lang=en&file=File:INS_Kalvari_(S21)_at_sea.jpg) Kalvari, the lead vessel of the class, at sea
| |
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name | Kalvari class |
| Builders | Mazagon Dock Limited |
| Operators |  Indian Navy |
| Preceded by | |
| Succeeded by | Project 75I |
| Cost | |
| In commission | 2017 – present |
| Planned | 9[1][2] |
| On order | 3 |
| Completed | 6 |
| Active | 6 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Attack submarine |
| Displacement |
|
| Length | 67.5 m (221 ft 5 in)[3] |
| Beam | 6.2 m (20 ft 4 in)[4] |
| Height | 12.3 m (40 ft 4 in)[3] |
| Draught | 5.8 m (19 ft 0 in)[4] |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed |
|
| Range | |
| Endurance | 50 days[6] |
| Test depth | 350 metres (1,150 ft)[7] |
| Complement |
|
| Electronic warfare & decoys | C303/S anti-torpedo countermeasure system[8] |
| Armament |
|
The Kalvari-class submarines, formally classified as the Project-75 submarines (P-75), is a class of diesel-electric attack submarines operated by the Indian Navy (IN).[9] Built by a syndicate of French and Indian shipyards, namely, Naval Group and Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL) respectively, the class is an export derivative of the French-origin Scorpène-class submarine, originally designed by Naval Group.[10]
A namesake of the former Foxtrot-class submarines that the IN operated between 1967 and 2010, the class was originally planned in the late-1990s as an initial phase of a 30-year long naval rearmament roadmap to replace the IN's conventional submarine fleet, namely the Sindhughosh and Shishumar-class submarines.[11][10] India's Ministry of Defence (MoD) placed an order of six submarines in 2005, at a cost of ₹23,562 crore (equivalent to ₹800 billion or US$9.3 billion in 2023).[12][13] The last of the first batch of submarines entered service on 15 January 2025.[14] A repeat order for another batch of 3 submarines is to be placed in February 2025 at a cost of ₹38,000 crore (US$4.4 billion).[15]
First introduced to operational service in 2017, the submarines are currently operated by the IN for a variety of missions, namely, littoral surveillance, intelligence gathering, anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface warfare and minelaying operations.[9]
- ^ Ghosh, Sanchari (10 July 2023). "PM Modi to ink deal with France to acquire 26 Rafale-M fighters, three attack submarines". The Mint.
- ^ "India Drops Plans to Add 3 More French Stealth Attack Submarines". The Diplomat. 8 September 2016. Archived from the original on 8 September 2016.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
pib-13dec17was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c Rahmat, Ridzwan (7 June 2017). "India's second Scorpène submarine begins sea trials". Jane's Defence Weekly. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017.
- ^ Commodore Stephen Saunders, ed. (2005). "India". Jane's Fighting Ships 2005-2006 (108th ed.). Coulsdon: Jane's Information Group. p. 308. ISBN 0710626924.
- ^ "India, France to ink Scorpene deal". The Times of India. PTI. 27 September 2005. Archived from the original on 30 April 2018.
- ^ "Scorpene 1000". DCNS. Archived from the original on 15 September 2014. Retrieved 8 April 2015.
- ^ Bedi, Rahul (31 January 2018). "India launches third Scorpène-class submarine". Jane's Defence Weekly. Archived from the original on 5 February 2018.
- ^ a b "Kalvari-Class Attack Submarines, India". www.naval-technology.com. 28 October 2021.
- ^ a b "Explained: India's Kalvari class of submarines, and its strategic significance". indianexpress.com. 19 November 2020.
- ^ "The Indian Navy's Potent Conventional Submarine Capability". www.forbes.com. 1 April 2020.
- ^ "The Scorpene deal". frontline.thehindu.com. 7 October 2005.
- ^ "Sixth submarine of Kalvari-class launched; enters service in 2 yrs". Hindustan Times. 21 April 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2025.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:7was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
:8was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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