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Kingdom of Kumaon
Kingdom of Kumaon कुमाऊं राज्य (Kumaoni) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 600–1791 | |||||||||
 Flag | |||||||||
 .png){kind=small} Location of the Kumaon Kingdom, and main South Asian polities in 1175, on the eve of the Ghurid Empire invasion of the subcontinent.[1] | |||||||||
| Status |
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| Capital | |||||||||
| Common languages | |||||||||
| Ethnic groups | |||||||||
| Religion | State religion: Hinduism Other: Buddhism | ||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Kumaoni | ||||||||
| Government | Federal Aristocracy under an Absolute monarchy
or Occasionally an Oligarchy with a Monarchial Figurehead | ||||||||
| Maharajadhiraja | |||||||||
• 600 | Vasu Dev (First {Katyuri Dynasty} | ||||||||
• 1064 - 1065 | Bir Dev (Last {Katyuri Dynasty} | ||||||||
• 700 - 721 | Som Chand (First {Chand Dynasty} as Feudatory | ||||||||
• 1568 - 1597 | Rudra Chand | ||||||||
• 1638 - 1678 | Baz Bahadur Chand | ||||||||
• 1788 - 1791 | Mahendra Chand (Last {Chand Dynasty}) | ||||||||
| Legislature |
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| History | |||||||||
• Established | 600 | ||||||||
• Fall of Katyuri Dynasty | Early 12th Century | ||||||||
• Period of Fragmentation | Most of the 12th Century | ||||||||
• Reunification of Kumaon by Chand Dynasty | Late 12th Century | ||||||||
• Invaded by Kingdom of Nepal | 1791 | ||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
• Total | 42,000 km2 (16,000 sq mi)(Approx. area during peak of Chand Dynasty) | ||||||||
| Currency | Rupee, Paisa | ||||||||
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| Today part of | |||||||||
29°35′50″N 79°39′33″E / 29.5971°N 79.6591°E
Kingdom of Kumaon ( कुमाऊं राज्य ) was a sovereign Himalayan kingdom located in the eastern part of the present-day Uttarakhand state of India (Kumaon Division) aswell as the present-day Sudurpashchim Province in western Nepal.
It was established around the 7th century after the Katyuri Dynasty unified many small principalities to form the Kumaon kingdom, which they called Kurmanchal, said to have extended from Nepal to Kabul, Afghanistan, large enough to call an empire at its peak according Shri Badri Dutt Pandey. After their fall the kingdom experienced a period of fragmentation for most of the 12th Century.
By the end of the 12th Century the Chand Dynasty had managed to reunite what is now the Kumaon divison in India and Doti in West Nepal. The Kumaon Kingdom remained an independent and sovereign kingdom until 1791, after which the Kingdom, weakened by civil unrest and political instability, was invaded by the Gorkhas of Nepal.[2][3]
After 24 years of oppressive Nepalese rule, this region fell to the British East India Company after they defeated Nepal in Anglo - Nepalese War. When India came under the direct rule of the British Crown following the Sepoy Mutiny, Kumaon was turned into a province.
- ^ Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 37, 147. ISBN 0226742210.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Hāṇḍā2002was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Atkinson, Edwin T. (Edwin Thomas), 1840-1890. (1990). Himalayan Gazetter. Cosmo. OCLC 183008777.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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