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Lashkar-e-Taiba

Lashkar-e-Taiba

لشکرِ طیبہ
Also known as
جماعت الدعوہ
Founders
... and others
AmeerHafiz Muhammad Saeed
Naib AmeerZafar Iqbal[1] (Co-founder of Jamaat-ud-Dawa)
SpokesmanMuhammad Yahya Mujahid[2]
Dates of operation1985, but officially in 1986[3][4][5]–present
AllegiancePakistan Pakistan[6][7][8][9][10]
Afghanistan Afghanistan (Formerly)[11]
Group(s)
MotivesIntegration of Jammu and Kashmir with Pakistan[22][23]
HeadquartersMuridke, Punjab, Pakistan
Active regionsWorldwide Predominantly in the Indian subcontinent
Ideology
Political positionFar-right[8][9]
Notable attacks
StatusActive
Part ofUnited Jihad Council[18]
AlliesNon-state allies

State allies

OpponentsState opponents

Formerly:

Battles and warsSoviet-Afghan war[56]
Afghan Civil War (1989–1992)
Kashmir conflict
Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir
War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)[55]
Designated as a terrorist group by

Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT; Urdu: لشکرِ طیبہ [ˈləʃkər eː ˈt̪ɛːjba]; literally Army of the Good, translated as Army of the Righteous, or Army of the Pure and alternatively spelled as Lashkar-e-Tayyiba, Lashkar-e-Toiba, Lashkar-i-Taiba, Lashkar-i-Tayyeba)[4][59][60] is a terrorist group formed in Pakistan,[61] and a militant and Islamist Salafi jihadist organisation. Described as one of Pakistan's "most powerful jihadi groups", it is most infamous outside Pakistan. The organisation's primary stated objective is to merge the whole of Kashmir with Pakistan.[23][62] It was founded in 1985–1986 by Hafiz Saeed, Zafar Iqbal Shehbaz Abdullah Azzam and several other Islamist mujahideen[63][64][65][66] with funding from Osama bin Laden[67][33] during the Soviet–Afghan War. It has been designated a terrorist group by numerous countries.

Affiliated organisations that share the group's "ideological inclinations and motivations" include the Milli Muslim League, a political party, and Jamat-ud-Dawa (JuD), the group's "charity wing", a front for the LeT that emerged later. The group differs from most other militant organisations in Pakistan in following the Islamic interpretation of Ahl-i Hadith (which is similar to Wahhabism and Salafism), and in foreswearing attacks on the government of Pakistan and sectarian attacks on Pakistanis "who have professed faith" in Islam.[10][20][68]

  1. ^ "Zafar Iqbal". United Nations. 14 March 2012.
  2. ^ "Mohammed Yahya Mujahid – United Nations Security Council". Retrieved 29 June 2009.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference reuters20090706 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ a b c "Lashkar-e-Toiba 'Army of the Pure'". South Asia Terrorism Portal. 2001. Archived from the original on 17 January 2009. Retrieved 21 January 2009.
  5. ^ a b Kurth Cronin, Audrey; Huda Aden; Adam Frost; Benjamin Jones (6 February 2004). Foreign Terrorist Organizations (PDF) (Report). Congressional Research Service. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 4 March 2009.
  6. ^ Winchell, Sean P. (2003), "Pakistan's ISI: The Invisible Government", International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, 16 (3): 374–388, doi:10.1080/713830449, S2CID 154924792
  7. ^ a b c Ashley J. Tellis (11 March 2010). "Bad Company – Lashkar-e-Tayyiba and the Growing Ambition of Mujahidein in Pakistan" (PDF). Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Archived from the original on 11 April 2010. Retrieved 20 January 2014. The group's earliest operations were focused on the Kunar and Paktia provinces in Afghanistan, where LeT had set up several training camps in support of the jihad against the Soviet occupation.
  8. ^ a b "Democracy between military might and the ultra-right in Pakistan". East Asia Forum. 27 December 2017. Archived from the original on 5 March 2018. Retrieved 4 March 2018.
  9. ^ a b Didier Chaudet (3 July 2012). "L'extrême-droite pakistanaise est-elle une menace pour les Etats-Unis?". Huffington Post (in French). Archived from the original on 7 March 2018. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
  10. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference tankel201104 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ "Many Jihadi Groups In Asia & Africa Pledge Allegiance To Taliban Leader, Group Sources". 9 October 2024.
  12. ^ Gupta, Shishir (8 May 2020). "Pak launches terror's new face in Kashmir, Imran Khan follows up on Twitter". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  13. ^ "'Pakistan trying to securalise Kashmir militancy': Lashkar regroups in Valley as The Resistance Front". The Indian Express. 5 May 2020. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  14. ^ Gupta, Shishir (8 May 2020). "New J&K terror outfit run by LeT brass: Intel". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  15. ^ Pubby, Manu; Chaudhury, Dipanjan Roy (29 April 2020). "The Resistance Front: New name of terror groups in Kashmir". The Economic Times. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  16. ^ "Security Forces Have Eliminated Over 100 Militants in Jammu and Kashmir This Year, Say Officials". CNN News18. 8 June 2020. Retrieved 8 June 2020.
  17. ^ a b Markon, Jerry (26 August 2006). "Teacher Sentenced for Aiding Terrorists". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 8 November 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2008.
  18. ^ a b Pakistan. Mapping Militants. Stanford University.
  19. ^ "Treasury Issues Sanctions Against Lashkar-E Tayyiba Financial Facilitators". U.S. Department of the Treasury. Retrieved 31 July 2018.
  20. ^ a b Ishfaq, Sarmad (31 December 2019). "South Asia's Most Notorious Militant Groups". The Diplomat. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  21. ^ Evan Williams (2009). "The Terror Trail". Dateline. Archived from the original on 25 May 2010. Retrieved 12 June 2010.
  22. ^ a b Encyclopedia of Terrorism, pp. 212–213, By Harvey W. Kushner, Ill. Ed., Sage, 2003, ISBN 978-0-7619-2408-1
  23. ^ a b "Who is Lashkar-e-Tayiba". Dawn. Pakistan. 3 December 2008. Archived from the original on 6 July 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2008.
  24. ^ Rubin, Alissa J. (16 June 2010). "Militant Group Expands Attacks in Afghanistan Indian Targeted by Laskar-e-taiba". The New York Times.
  25. ^ Shandon Harris-Hogan. "The Australian Neojihadist network: Origins, evolution and structure." Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict, Volume 5, Issue 1. Global Terrorism Research Centre. Monash University. Victoria: Australia. (2012): pp. 18–30.
  26. ^ Koschade, Stuart Andrew. "The internal dynamics of terrorist cells: a social network analysis of terrorist cells in an Australian context." (2007).
  27. ^ a b "Statement by CIA and FBI on Arrest of Mir Aimal Kansi". Archived from the original on 26 September 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2012.
  28. ^ "Pakistani militants expand abroad, starting in Bangladesh". The Christian Science Monitor. 5 August 2010.
  29. ^ "Militants hiding in Poonch forests getting help from Nepal". 28 October 2021. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2021 – via YouTube.
  30. ^ Christine Fair, Understanding the Lashkar-e-Tayyaba, Oxford University Press (2019), p. 91
  31. ^ a b Haqqani, Husain (2005). "The Ideologies of South Asian Jihadi Groups" (PDF). Current Trends in Islamist Ideology. 1. Hudson Institute: 12–26. Archived from the original on 12 April 2010. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
  32. ^ Stephen, Tankel (2010). "Lashkar-e-Taiba in Perspective". Foreign Policy Magazine.
  33. ^ a b "The Financing of Lashkar-e-Taiba". Global Ecco. June 2018. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  34. ^ a b "Hafiz Saeed asks govt to curb foreign bid to bolster ISIS in Pak for targeting shia minority. He also urged the Shia and Sunni sects to shun their differences and live in peace and unite for Muslim rule in the region". The Economic Times. 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  35. ^ Cite error: The named reference hindu20081206 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  36. ^ Raman, B. (15 December 2001). "The Lashkar-e-Toiba (LET)". South Asia Analysis Group. Archived from the original on 13 June 2010. Retrieved 6 December 2008.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  37. ^ Haqqani, Husain (27 March 2015). "Prophecy & the Jihad in the Indian subcontinent". Hudson Institute. For example, Lashkar-e-Taiba has often spoken of Ghazwa-e-Hind as a means of liberating Kashmir from Indian control. The group's founder, Hafiz Muhammad Saeed, has declared repeatedly that '[i]f freedom is not given to the Kashmiris, then we will occupy the whole of India including Kashmir. We will launch Ghazwa-e-Hind. Our homework is complete to get Kashmir.' Pakistani propagandist Zaid Hamid has also repeatedly invoked Ghazwa-e-Hind as a battle against Hindu India led from Muslim Pakistan. According to Hamid, 'Allah has destined the people of Pakistan' with victory and 'Allah is the aid and helper of Pakistan.'
  38. ^ Ashley, J. Tellis (March 2012). "The Menace That Is Lashkar-e-Taiba" (PDF). Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
  39. ^ "MMP: Lashkar-e-Taiba". Center for International Security and Cooperation (CISAC), Stanford University. Retrieved 5 April 2023.
  40. ^ Kozak, Warren (24 November 2011). "Warren Kozak: Remembering the Terror in Mumbai". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 5 April 2023.
  41. ^ Ashley J. Tellis (11 March 2010). "Bad Company – Lashkar-e-Tayyiba and the Growing Ambition of Islamist Mujahidein in Pakistan" (PDF). Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Archived from the original on 11 April 2010. Retrieved 20 January 2014. The group's earliest operations were focused on the Kunar and Paktia provinces in Afghanistan, where LeT had set up several training camps in support of the jihad against the Soviet occupation.
  42. ^ Anti-Defamation League, "LET Targets Jewish and Western Interests" 2 December 2009 (Archived 6 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine)
  43. ^ Jewish Zionist Center Is Stormed by Pak-backed Lashkar-e-Taiba Islamist Group, and 6 Israeli Hostages Died The New York Times (28 November 2008)
  44. ^ a b Warren Kozak, Remembering the Terror in Mumbai The Wall Street Journal
  45. ^ "3 held for Hyd blasts; Centre points fingers at LeT, JeM". PTI/ IBN Live, 27 August 2007. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 28 August 2007.
  46. ^ Indian Mujahideen Archived 9 September 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism.
  47. ^ Sri Lankan report links LTTE with LeT Dawn – 9 March 2009
  48. ^ "People's Anti-Fascist Front (PAFF) – Jammu & Kashmir". Tracking Terrorism.
  49. ^ Riedel, Bruce (26 June 2015). "The China–Pakistan axis and Lashkar-e-Taiba". Brookings. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
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  51. ^ Anti-Defamation League, "Massachusetts Man Arrested for Attempting to Wage ‘Violent Jihad’ against America" 22 October 2009 Archived 9 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine
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  54. ^ Martin, Gus (2011). The Sage Encyclopedia of Terrorism, Second Edition. SAGE. p. 341. ISBN 978-1-4129-8016-6.
  55. ^ a b Says, Amail Khan Yar (13 June 2019). "8 foreign terrorists killed, wounded as Afghan forces target Lashkar-e-Taiba compound". The Khaama Press News Agency. Khaama Press. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  56. ^ Ashley J. Tellis (11 March 2010). "Bad Company – Lashkar-e-Tayyiba and the Growing Ambition of Islamist Mujahidein in Pakistan and Afghanistan" (PDF). Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Archived from the original on 11 April 2010. Retrieved 20 January 2014. The group's earliest operations were focused on the Kunar and Paktia provinces in Afghanistan, where LeT had set up several training camps in support of the jihad against the Soviet occupation.
  57. ^ 公安調査庁 – ラシュカレ・タイバ（LeT）. Ministry of Justice (Japan).
  58. ^ "Lashkar-e-Taiba". Stanford University. 30 January 2016. Archived from the original on 26 July 2018. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  59. ^ Jayshree Bajoria (14 January 2010). "Profile: Lashkar-e-Taiba (Army of the Pure) (a.k.a. Lashkar e-Tayyiba, Lashkar e-Toiba; Lashkar-i-Taiba)". Council on Foreign Relations. Archived from the original on 5 June 2010. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
  60. ^ Cite error: The named reference bbcprofile was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  61. ^ "National Counterterrorism Center | Groups". www.dni.gov. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
  62. ^ The evolution of Islamic Terrorism Archived 12 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine by John Moore, PBS
  63. ^ "Deadly Embrace: Pakistan, America and the Future of Global Jihad". Brookings.edu. Archived from the original on 27 January 2012. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
  64. ^ "Deadly Embrace: Pakistan, America and the Future of Global Jihad, transcript" (PDF). Brookings.edu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2011. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
  65. ^ "The 9/11 Attacks' Spiritual Father". Brookings.edu. Archived from the original on 27 January 2012. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
  66. ^ "The 15 faces of terror". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 22 January 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
  67. ^ E. Atkins, Stephen (2004). Encyclopedia of Modern Worldwide Extremists and Extremist Groups. Greenwood Press. p. 173. ISBN 978-0313324857.
  68. ^ Cite error: The named reference Macander-CSIS-2021 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).


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لشكر طيبة Arabic لشكر طيبه ARZ Лашкар-э-Тойба BE লশকর-ই-তাইয়েবা Bengali/Bangla Laixkar-e-Toiba Catalan لەشکر تەیبە CKB Lashkar-e-Taiba Danish Laschkar-e Taiba German Leşkerê Tayyiba DIQ Lashkar-e-Toiba Spanish

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