Class of atmospheric infrasonic waves
In acoustics , microbaroms , also known as the "voice of the sea ",[ 1] [ 2] are a class of atmospheric infrasonic waves generated in marine storms [ 3] [ 4] by a non-linear interaction of ocean surface waves with the atmosphere.[ 5] [ 6] They typically have narrow-band , nearly sinusoidal waveforms with amplitudes up to a few microbars ,[ 7] [ 8] and wave periods near 5 seconds (0.2 hertz ).[ 9] [ 10] Due to low atmospheric absorption at these low frequencies , microbaroms can propagate thousands of kilometers in the atmosphere, and can be readily detected by widely separated instruments on the Earth's surface.[ 5] [ 11]
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Bowman, H. S.; Bedard, A. J. (1971). "Observations of infrasound and subsonic disturbances related to severe weather" . Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc. 26 (1– 4): 215– 242. Bibcode :1971GeoJ...26..215B . doi :10.1111/j.1365-246X.1971.tb03396.x .
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Bedard, A. J.; Georges, T. M. (2000). "Atmospheric infrasound" (PDF) . Physics Today . 53 (3): 32– 37. Bibcode :2000PhT....53c..32B . doi :10.1063/1.883019 .
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"Microbarom" . Mcgraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms . McGraw-Hill . 2003. ISBN 978-0-07-042313-8 .
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"Microbaroms" . Infrasonic Signals . University of Alaska Fairbanks , Geophysical Institute, Infrasound Research Group. Archived from the original on 2008-02-15. Retrieved 2007-11-22 .
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Garcés, M. A.; Hetzer, C. H.; Willis, M.; Businger, S. (2003). "Integration Of Infrasonic Models With Ocean Wave Spectra And Atmospheric Specifications To Produce Global Estimates Of Microbarom Signal Levels". Proceedings of the 25th Seismic Research Review . pp. 617– 627.
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Waxler, R.; Gilbert, K. E. (2006). "The radiation of atmospheric microbaroms by ocean waves". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America . 119 (5): 2651. Bibcode :2006ASAJ..119.2651W . doi :10.1121/1.2191607 . The acoustic radiation which results from the motion of the air/water interface is known to be a nonlinear effect.
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Donn, W. L.; Rind, D. (1972). "Microbaroms and the Temperature and Wind of the Upper Atmosphere" . Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences . 29 (1): 156– 172. Bibcode :1972JAtS...29..156D . doi :10.1175/1520-0469(1972)029<0156:MATTAW>2.0.CO;2 .
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Olson, J. V.; Szuberla, C. A. L. (2005). "Distribution of wave packet sizes in microbarom wave trains observed in Alaska". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America . 117 (3): 1032. Bibcode :2005ASAJ..117.1032O . doi :10.1121/1.1854651 .
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Down, W. L. (1967). "Natural Infrasound of Five Seconds Period". Nature . 215 (5109): 1469– 1470. Bibcode :1967Natur.215.1469D . doi :10.1038/2151469a0 . S2CID 4164934 .
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Willis, M. C.; Garces, M.; Hetzer, C.; Businger, S. (2004). "Source Modeling of Microbaroms in the Pacific" (PDF) . AMS 2004 Annual Meeting . Retrieved 2007-11-22 .