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Orlando Bosch
Orlando Bosch | |
|---|---|
 Bosch in 1965 | |
| Born | Orlando Bosch Ávila 18 August 1926 Potrerillo, Cuba |
| Died | 27 April 2011 (aged 84) Miami, Florida, United States |
| Education | University of Havana |
| Known for | Militant activities |
Orlando Bosch Ávila (18 August 1926 – 27 April 2011) was a Cuban exile militant, who headed the Coordination of United Revolutionary Organizations (CORU), described by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation as a terrorist organization.[1][2] Born in Cuba, Bosch attended medical school at the University of Havana, where he befriended Fidel Castro. He worked as a doctor in Santa Clara Province in the 1950s, but moved to Miami in 1960 after he stopped supporting the Cuban Revolution.
Between 1961 and 1968 Bosch was arrested several times in the United States for attacks directed at the Cuban government, and briefly collaborated with the Central Intelligence Agency. He was jailed in Florida in 1968 for a bazooka attack on a Polish freighter, but violated parole and fled to Venezuela in 1974 at the invitation of fellow exile militant Luis Posada Carriles. Arrested for a bombing, he was released in exchange for surrendering his munitions, and moved to Chile. The US government considered him to have been involved in multiple bombings while there. In 1976 he was arrested for an assassination attempt in Costa Rica; the US declined an extradition offer, and he was sent to the Dominican Republic.
Bosch founded CORU in 1976 along with Posada and other Cuban exiles. The group was responsible for a number of attacks in 1976, including the assassination of Orlando Letelier in Washington, D.C. as a part of Operation Condor.[3][4] CORU is also considered to be responsible for the bombing of Cubana Flight 455, a Cuban civilian airliner, on 6 October 1976 in which all 73 people on board were killed. Bosch, Posada, and two others were arrested and tried for the bombing in Venezuela. Posada escaped from prison, while Bosch was acquitted by a Venezuelan military court in 1986. The other two men, both employees of Posada, were sentenced to twenty years in prison.
Upon his return to the U.S. in 1988, Bosch was arrested for parole violations. The Justice Department, which considered him a terrorist, sought to deport him. He was allowed to stay, and later granted residency, by US President George H. W. Bush after a widespread lobbying campaign that included Congresswoman Ileana Ros-Lehtinen and the president's son Jeb Bush. In his later years Bosch raised money to support resistance to the Cuban government, and died in Miami aged 84. He remains a controversial figure, with former US Attorney General Dick Thornburgh describing him as an "unreformed terrorist".[5]
- ^ Kornbluh, Peter (9 June 2005). "The Posada File: Part II". National Security Archive. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
- ^ Shapiro, T. Rees (30 April 2011). "Orlando Bosch, who battled Castro with bazookas and sabotage, dies at 84". The Washington Post. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
- ^ Bardach, Ann Louise (November 2006). "Twilight of the Assassins". The Atlantic. Retrieved 15 June 2020.
- ^ DeYoung, Karen; Montgomery, David; Ryan, Missy; Tharoor, Ishaan; Yang, Jia Lynn (20 September 2016). "This was not an accident. This was a bomb". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
- ^ Bardach 2002, pp. 201–204.
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