Our website is made possible by displaying online advertisements to our visitors.
Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker.

Responsive image

Out-of-body experience

Artist's depiction of the separation stage of an out-of-body experience, which often precedes free movement

An out-of-body experience (OBE or sometimes OOBE) is a phenomenon in which a person perceives the world as if from a location outside their physical body. An OBE is a form of autoscopy (literally "seeing self"), although this term is more commonly used to refer to the pathological condition of seeing a second self, or doppelgänger.

The term out-of-body experience was introduced in 1943 by G. N. M. Tyrrell in his book Apparitions,[1] and was adopted by researchers such as Celia Green,[2] and Robert Monroe,[3] as an alternative to belief-centric labels such as "astral projection" or "spirit walking". OBEs can be induced by traumatic brain injuries, sensory deprivation, near-death experiences, dissociative and psychedelic drugs, dehydration, sleep disorders, dreaming, and electrical stimulation of the brain,[4] among other causes. It can also be deliberately induced by some.[5] One in ten people has an OBE once, or more commonly, several times in their life.[6][7]

Psychologists and neuroscientists regard OBEs as dissociative experiences occurring along different psychological and neurological factors.[5][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]

  1. ^ G. N. M. Tyrrell, Apparitions, Gerald Duckworth and Co. Ltd, London, 1943, pp. 149. ISBN 978-1169831537
  2. ^ Green, C.E. (1968). Out-of-the-body Experiences. London: Hamish Hamilton. ISBN 978-0345248435.
  3. ^ Monroe, Robert (1971). Journeys Out of the Body. Harmony/Rodale. ISBN 0-385-00861-9.
  4. ^ Aspell, Jane; Blanke, Olaf (2009). "Understanding the out-of-body experience from a neuroscientific perspective" (PDF). In Murray, Craig D. (ed.). Psychological Scientific Perspectives on Out of Body and Near Death Experiences. Psychology Research Progress. New York: Nova Science Publishers. ISBN 978-1-60741-705-7.
  5. ^ a b Brent, S. B. (1979). "Deliberately induced, premortem, out-of-body experiences: An experimental and theoretical approach". In Kastenbaum, B. (ed.). Between life and death. New York: Springer. pp. 89–123. ISBN 978-0826125408.
  6. ^ Blackmore, Susan (1984). "A Postal Survey of OBEs and Other Experiences".
  7. ^ "(Aug. 24, 2007) First Out-of-body Experience Induced In Laboratory Setting". ScienceDaily. August 24, 2007. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
  8. ^ Gabbard, G. O., & Twemlow, A. W. (1984). With the eyes of the mind: An empirical analysis of out-of-body states. New York: Praeger Scientific. ISBN 978-0030689260
  9. ^ Leonard Zusne, Warren H. Jones (1989). Anomalistic Psychology: A Study of Magical Thinking. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN 0-8058-0508-7
  10. ^ Blanke O, Landis T, Seeck M (2004). "Out-of-body experience and autoscopy of neurological origin". Brain. 127 (2): 243–258. doi:10.1093/brain/awh040. PMID 14662516.
  11. ^ Blanke O, Mohr C (2005). "Out-of-body experience, heautoscopy, and autoscopic hallucination of neurological origin. Implications for mechanisms of corporeal awareness and self consciousness". Brain Research Reviews. 50 (1): 184–199. doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2005.05.008. PMID 16019077. S2CID 10376314.
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference Meyerson was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ Cite error: The named reference Cheyne was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  14. ^ Cite error: The named reference Blanke was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

Previous Page Next Page






Buiteliggaamlike ervaring AF الخروج من الجسد Arabic Извънтелесно преживяване Bulgarian Experiència extracorporal Catalan Mimotělní zkušenosti Czech Ud-af-kroppen-oplevelse Danish Außerkörperliche Erfahrung German Εξωσωματική εμπειρία Greek Experiencia extracorporal Spanish تجربه خروج از بدن FA

Responsive image

Responsive image