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Palestine Liberation Organization

This article is about Palestinian nationalist coalition. For the country, see State of Palestine. For other uses of Palestine, see Palestine (disambiguation).
"PLO" redirects here. For other uses, see PLO (disambiguation).

Palestine Liberation Organization
منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية
AbbreviationPLO
ChairmanMahmoud Abbas
Founded28 May 1964[1]
HeadquartersAl-Bireh, West Bank[2][3]
Ideology
Political positionLeft-wing
International affiliationUnited Nations non-member observer
Members
AnthemFida'i[11]
Palestinian Legislative Council
50 / 132
Website
http://www.plo.ps/en
Politics of Palestine
Coat of arms of Palestine
Officeholders whose status is disputed are shown in italics
National symbols
Administrative divisions
Government
Legislative Council
Elections
Local elections
Political parties
Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) factions
Other parties
Palestinian Electoral Lists
Leaders
Map shows birthplaces or family origins
Foreign relations
Arab League Member state of the Arab League
flag Palestine portal
This article is part of
a series about
Yasser Arafat
Personal
Palestine Liberation Organization
Pre-presidency
Lebanese Civil War
Presidency
Elections
Yasser Arafat's signature

The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO; Arabic: منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية Munaẓẓamat at-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīniyyah) is a Palestinian nationalist coalition that is internationally recognized as the official representative of the Palestinian people in both the Palestinian territories and the diaspora.[13][14][15] It is currently represented by the Palestinian Authority based in the West Bank city of Al-Bireh.

Founded in 1964, it initially sought to establish an Arab state over the entire territory of the former Mandatory Palestine, advocating the elimination of Israel. Mediated talks between the Israeli government and the PLO in 1993 (the Oslo I Accord) resulted in the PLO recognizing Israel's legitimacy and accepting United Nations Security Council Resolution 242, which mandated Israel's withdrawal from the occupied territories, while Israel recognized the PLO as a legitimate authority representing the Palestinian people.[16] Despite the Israel–PLO Letters of Mutual Recognition (1993), in which PLO leader Yasser Arafat renounced violence against Israel, the PLO engaged in militant activities during the Second Intifada (2000–2005). On 29 October 2018, the PLO Central Council suspended the Palestinian recognition of Israel.[17][18]

As the officially recognized government of the de jure State of Palestine, it has enjoyed United Nations observer status since 1974.[19][20][21] Prior to the Oslo Accords, the PLO's militant wings engaged in acts of violence against both the Israeli military and civilians, within Israel and abroad.[22][23][24] The United States designated it as a terrorist group in 1987, though a presidential waiver has permitted American–PLO contact since 1988.[25][26]

  1. ^ "Arabs Create Organization For Recovery of Palestine". The New York Times. Reuters. 29 May 1964. The creation of Palestine liberation organization was announced today...
  2. ^ Sawafta, Ali (30 November 2010). "In West Bank, Ramallah looks ever more like capital". Reuters.
  3. ^ Toameh, Khaled Abu (24 November 2010). "Abbas: Referendum law is 'obstacle to peace'". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  4. ^ Szekely, Ora (26 November 2016). The Politics of Militant Group Survival in the Middle East: Resources, Relationships, and Resistance. Springer. p. 51. ISBN 978-3-319-40141-6.
  5. ^ Spyer, Jonathan (1 January 2011). The Transforming Fire: The Rise of the Israel-Islamist Conflict. A&C Black. p. 23. ISBN 978-1-4411-6663-0.
  6. ^ "Quién fue Yasser Arafat?". 17 March 2019.
  7. ^ Grafton, David D. (16 March 2009). Piety, Politics, and Power: Lutherans Encountering Islam in the Middle East. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 222. ISBN 978-1-63087-718-7.
  8. ^ "Rewriting history, Abbas calls Israel a 'colonial project' unrelated to Judaism". The Times of Israel.
  9. ^ a b "Jailed PFLP Leader: Only a One-state Solution Is Possible". Haaretz. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
  10. ^ a b Rubenberg, Cheryl (2003). The Palestinians: In Search of a Just Peace. Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 41. ISBN 978-1-58826-225-7.
  11. ^ "Palestine". National Anthems.
  12. ^ "fasael - منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية". Palestine Liberation Organization (in Arabic). Retrieved 29 August 2024.
  13. ^ Hilal, Jamil; Hammami, Rema (13 June 2001). "An Uprising at a Crossroads". Middle East Report. Retrieved 26 July 2024. the higher and more encompassing power of the PLO, as the representative of all Palestinians, not just Palestinians in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, whom the institutions of the PA represent.
  14. ^ Al-Madfai, Madiha Rashid (1993). Jordan, the United States and the Middle East Peace Process, 1974–1991. Cambridge Middle East Library, Cambridge University Press. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-521-41523-1. On 28 October 1974, the seventh Arab summit conference held in Rabat designated the PLO as the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people and reaffirmed their right to establish an independent state of urgency.
  15. ^ Geldenhuys, Deon (1990). Isolated states: a comparative analysis. Cambridge University Press. p. 155. ISBN 978-0-521-40268-2. The organisation has also been recognized as the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people by well over 100 states ...
  16. ^ Murphy, Kim (10 September 1993). "Israel and PLO, in Historic Bid for Peace, Agree to Mutual Recognition". The Los Angeles Times.
  17. ^ Mustafa, Rami (29 October 2018). المجلس المركزي الفلسطيني يعلن تعليق الاعتراف بدولة إسرائيل [The Palestinian Central Council announces the suspension of recognition of the State of Israel]. El Watan.
  18. ^ "Palestinian Central Council suspends recognition of Israel". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
  19. ^ United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3210. "Invites the Palestine Liberation Organization, the representative of the Palestinian people, to participate in the deliberations of the General Assembly on the question of Palestine in plenary meetings."
  20. ^ United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3236. "Having heard the statement of the Palestine Liberation Organization, the representative of the Palestinian people, ..."
  21. ^ United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3237
  22. ^ Beyer, Lisa (12 November 2004). "Arafat: A Life in Retrospect". Time. Archived from the original on 8 October 2022. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
  23. ^ "PLO to Limit Attacks, Arafat Says". The Los Angeles Times. 17 October 2000. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
  24. ^ "Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) | Palestinian political organization". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
  25. ^ 22 U.S.C. § 5201: Findings; determinations
  26. ^ Ehrenfeld, Rachel (2003). "The Palestinians". Funding Evil, How Terrorism Is Financed – and How to Stop It (PDF) (preview chapter). Bonus Books. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 April 2011. Retrieved 27 October 2023 – via Funding for Peace Coalition.

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