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Pyotr Rumyantsev
Count Pyotr Rumyantsev Zadunaisky | |
|---|---|
Пётр Румянцев | |
 Portrait by an unknown artist, 1770s | |
| General Governor of Little Russia Little Russian Collegium Chair | |
| In office 1764–1786 | |
| Monarch | Catherine the Great |
| Preceded by | office revived (replacing the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host Kirill Razumovsky) |
| Succeeded by | office liquidated (himself as General Governor of Kiev, Chernigov, Novgorod-Seversky) |
| General Governor of Kursk Namestnichestvo | |
| In office 1779–1781 | |
| Monarch | Catherine the Great |
| Preceded by | office created |
| Succeeded by | Alexander Prozorovsky |
| General Governor of Kiev, Chernigov, and Novgorod-Seversky Namestnichestvos | |
| In office 1782–1796 | |
| Monarchs | Catherine the Great (1782–1796), Paul I (1796) |
| Deputy | Mikhail Krechetnikov (1791–1793), Iosif Igelström (1793–1794) |
| Preceded by | office created |
| Succeeded by | office liquidated |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Pyotr Aleksandrovich Rumyantsev 15 January 1725 Stroiești,[1] Crown of the Kingdom of Poland or Moscow,[2][3] Russian Empire |
| Died | 19 December 1796 (aged 71) Tashan, Pereyaslavsky Uyezd, Poltava Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Awards | See § Awards |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Russian Empire |
| Branch/service | Imperial Russian Army |
| Rank | Field Marshal |
| Battles/wars | |
Count Pyotr Alexandrovich Rumyantsev-Zadunaisky[a] (Russian: Пётр Александрович Румянцев-Задунайский;[b] 15 January [O.S. 4 January] 1725 – 19 December [O.S. 8 December] 1796) was one of the foremost Russian generals of the 18th century, and is widely considered to be one of Russia's greatest military leaders,[4][5] and one of the greatest military commanders in military history.[6][7] He is noted as one of the three best and most talented Russian military leaders of the time period, along with Alexander Suvorov and Grigory Potemkin.[8] Rumyantsev used mobile divisional squares for the first time in history as opposed to linear battle orders and initiated the formation of light (jaeger) battalions in the Russian Army, which operated in a scattered order.[9]
He governed Little Russia[10] in the name of Empress Catherine the Great from the abolition of the Cossack Hetmanate in 1764 until Catherine's death 32 years later. Monuments to his victories include the Kagul Obelisk in Tsarskoye Selo (1772), the Rumyantsev Obelisk on Vasilievsky Island (1798–1801), and a galaxy of Derzhavin's odes.
- ^ Vartichan & Andrunakievich (1982), p. 535
- ^ Korobkov 1947, p. 5.
- ^ Meerovich 1987, p. 8.
- ^ Longworth, Philip (1966). The Art of Victory: The Life and Achievements of Field-Marshal Suvorov, 1729-1800 (1st ed.). Holt, Rinehart & Winston. p. 28.
- ^ Шишов, Алексей (2008). 100 великих военачальников [100 Great Military Leaders] (in Russian). Вече. pp. 183–188. ISBN 978-5-9533-2594-3.
- ^ Bodart 1908, p. 789.
- ^ Волковский, Н. Л., ed. (2003). История русской армии: В 7 т. [History of the Russian Army: In 7 volumes. Volume 1: From the birth of Rus' to the War of 1812.] (in Russian). Vol. 1: От зарождения Руси до войны 1812 г. ООО «Издательство Полигон». pp. 326, 348. ISBN 5-89173-205-X.
- ^ Волковский, Н. Л., ed. (2003). История русской армии: В 7 т. [History of the Russian Army: In 7 volumes. Volume 1: From the birth of Rus' to the War of 1812.] (in Russian). Vol. 1: От зарождения Руси до войны 1812 г. ООО «Издательство Полигон». pp. 298, 493. ISBN 5-89173-205-X.
- ^ "РУМЯНЦЕВ-ЗАДУНАЙСКИЙ ПЁТР АЛЕКСАНДРОВИЧ • Great Russian Encyclopedia – Electronic version". old.bigenc.ru. 2023. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
- ^ Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 840.
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