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Self-reflection is the ability to witness and evaluate one's own cognitive, emotional, and behavioural processes. In psychology, other terms used for this self-observation include "reflective awareness" and "reflective consciousness", which originate from the work of William James.[2][3]
Self-reflection depends upon a range of functions, including introspection and metacognition, which develop from infancy through adolescence, affecting how individuals interact with others, and make decisions.[4]
Self-reflection is related to the philosophy of consciousness, the topic of awareness, and the philosophy of mind.[5]
The concept of self-reflection is ancient. More than 3,000 years ago, "Know thyself" was the first of three Delphic maxims inscribed in the forecourt of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi.[6] It is also considered a form of thought that generates new meaning[7] and an opportunity to engage with what seemingly appears incongruous.[8]