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Shah Rukh
| Shah Rukh | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sultan, Padshah, Bahadur | |||||
 Facial reconstruction by Mikhail Gerasimov | |||||
| Ruler of the Timurid Empire | |||||
| Reign | 20 February 1405 – 13 March 1447 | ||||
| Predecessor | Timur | ||||
| Successor | Ulugh Beg | ||||
| Born | 20 August 1377 Samarkand, Timurid Empire | ||||
| Died | 13 March 1447 (aged 69) Rayy, Timurid Empire | ||||
| Burial | |||||
| Consort | Gawhar Shad | ||||
| Wives |
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| Issue |
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| Dynasty | Timurid | ||||
| Father | Timur | ||||
| Mother | Taghay Tarkhan Agha | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
Shah Rukh or Shahrukh Mirza (Persian: شاهرخ, Šāhrokh;[note 1] 20 August 1377 – 13 March 1447) was the ruler of the Timurid Empire between 1405 and 1447.
He was the son of the Central Asian conqueror Timur (Tamerlane), who founded the Timurid dynasty in 1370. However, Shah Rukh ruled only over the eastern portion of the empire established by his father, comprising most of Persia and Transoxiana, the western territories having been lost to invaders in the aftermath of Timur's death. In spite of this, Shah Rukh's empire remained a cohesive dominion of considerable extent throughout his reign, as well as a dominant power in Asia.
Shah Rukh controlled the main trade routes between Asia and Europe, including the legendary Silk Road, and became immensely wealthy as a result. He chose to have his capital not in Samarqand as his father had done, but in Herat. This was to become the political centre of the Timurid empire and residence of his principal successors, though both cities benefited from the wealth and privilege of Shah Rukh's court.
Shah Rukh was a great patron of the arts and sciences, which flourished under his rule. He spent his reign focusing on the stability of his lands, as well as maintaining political and economic relations with neighbouring kingdoms. In the view of historians Thomas W. Lentz and Glenn D. Lowry, "unlike his father, Shahrukh ruled the Timurid empire, not as a Turco-Mongol warlord-conqueror, but as an Islamic sultan. In dynastic chronicles he is exalted as a man of great piety, diplomacy, and modesty—a model Islamic ruler who repaired much of the physical and psychological damage caused by his father."[3]
- ^ Binbas, İlker Evrim (2016). Intellectual Networks in Timurid Iran: Sharaf al-Dīn 'Alī Yazdī and the Islamicate Republic of Letters. Cambridge University Press. p. 265. ISBN 978-1-107-05424-0.
- ^ Barzegar, Karim Najafi (2000). Mughal-Iranian relations: during sixteenth century. Indian Bibliographies Bureau. p. 17. ISBN 978-81-85004-60-0.
- ^ Lentz, Thomas W.; Lowry, Glenn D. (1989). Timur & Princely Vision. Smithsonian. p. 80. ISBN 978-0-87474-706-5.
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