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Tatars
татарлар tatarlar تاتارلار | |
|---|---|
| Total population | |
Total: ~7.3 million[1]
| |
| Regions with significant populations | |
Russia
| 5,554,601[9] |
| Ukraine
| 319,377[10] |
| Uzbekistan | ~239,965[11] (Crimean Tatars) |
| Kazakhstan | 208,987[12] |
| Turkey | 500,000–6,900,000[4][5][6][a] |
| Afghanistan | 100,000[13] (estimate) |
| Turkmenistan | 36,655[14] |
| Kyrgyzstan | 28,334[15] |
| Azerbaijan | 25,900[16] |
| Romania | ~20,000[17] |
| United States | 10,000[18] |
| Belarus | 3,000[19] |
| France | 700[20] |
| Switzerland | 1,045+[21] |
| China | 3,556[22] |
| Canada | 56,000[23] (incl. those of mixed ancestries) |
| Poland | 1,916[24] |
| Bulgaria | 5,003[25] |
| Finland | 600–700[26] |
| Japan | 600–2000[27] |
| Australia | 900+[28] |
| Czech Republic | 300+[29] |
| Estonia | 2,000[30] |
| Latvia | 2,800[3] |
| Lithuania | 2,800–3,200[31][32][33] (incl. all of Lipka, Crimean and Volga origins) |
| Iran | 20,000–30,000[34] (Volga Tatars) |
| Languages | |
| Kipchak languages | |
| Religion | |
| Predominantly Sunni Islam with Eastern Orthodox minority | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Other Turkic peoples, especially other speakers of Kipchak languages | |
The Tatars[b] (/ˈtɑːtərz/ TAH-tərz),[35] formerly also spelled Tartars,[b] is an umbrella term for different Turkic ethnic groups bearing the name "Tatar" across Eastern Europe and Asia.[36]
Initially, the ethnonym Tatar possibly referred to the Tatar confederation. That confederation was eventually incorporated into the Mongol Empire when Genghis Khan unified the various steppe tribes.[37] Historically, the term Tatars (or Tartars) was applied to anyone originating from the vast Northern and Central Asian landmass then known as Tartary, a term which was also conflated with the Mongol Empire itself. More recently, however, the term has come to refer more narrowly to related ethnic groups who refer to themselves as Tatars or who speak languages that are commonly referred to as Tatar.
The largest group amongst the Tatars by far are the Volga Tatars, native to the Volga-Ural region (Tatarstan and Bashkortostan) of European Russia, who for this reason are often also known as "Tatars" in Russian. They compose 53% of the population in Tatarstan. Their language is known as the Tatar language. As of 2010[update], there were an estimated 5.3 million ethnic Tatars in Russia.
While also speaking languages belonging to different Kipchak sub-groups, genetic studies have shown that the three main groups of Tatars (Volga, Crimean, Siberian) do not have common ancestors and, thus, their formation occurred independently of one another. However, it is possible that all Tatar groups have at least partially the same origin, mainly from the times of the Golden Horde.[38][39]
Many noble families in the Tsardom of Russia and Russian Empire had Tatar origins.[40][41]
- ^ "Putin's Power Play? Tatarstan Activists Say Loss Of 'President' Title Would Be An Existential Blow". Radio Free Europe. 19 October 2021. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
- ^ "Tatars facts, information, pictures – Encyclopedia.com articles about Tatars". Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
- ^ a b "Tatar". Joshua Project. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
- ^ a b Henryk Jankowski. Crimean Tatars and Noghais in Turkey // a slightly edited version of the paper with the same title that appeared in Türk Dilleri Arastirmalari [Studies on the Turkic Languages] 10 (2000): 113–131, distributed by Sanat Kitabevi, Ankara, Turkey. A Polish version of this paper was published in Rocznik Tatarów Polskich (Journal of Polish Tatars), vol. 6, 2000, 118–126.
- ^ a b Мусафирова, О.. "Мустафа, сынок, прошу тебя — прекрати…". Novaya Gazeta. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
- ^ a b Пашаев, Осман (18 November 2002). "В Турции проживают до 6 миллионов потомков крымских татар". podrobnosti. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
- ^ "Afghanistan Recognizes Long Forgotten Ethnic Tatar Community". www.rferl.org. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "کنگره جهانی تاتارها: یک هزار دانشجوی تاتار افغانستان به چین و هند میروند". افغانستان اینترنشنال (in Persian). 13 December 2023. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "Population Data". singapore.mid.ru. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
- ^ "About number and composition population of Ukraine by data All-Ukrainian census of the population 2001". Ukraine Census 2001. State Statistics Committee of Ukraine. Retrieved 27 September 2012.
- ^ "Крымские татары". Great Russian Encyclopedia (in Russian). Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
- ^ "Численность населения Республики Казахстан по отдельным этносам на начало 2021 года" [The population of the Republic of Kazakhstan by individual ethnic groups at the beginning of 2021]. stat.gov.kz. Archived from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 20 June 2021.
- ^ "Afghanistan Recognizes Long Forgotten Ethnic Tatar Community". Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
Community leaders estimate there are up to 100,000 ethnic Tatars in Afghanistan.
- ^ Asgabat.net-городской социально-информационный портал :Итоги всеобщей переписи населения Туркменистана по национальному составу в 1995 году. Archived 13 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "National composition of the population" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 November 2012. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Recensamant Romania 2002". Agentia Nationala pentru Intreprinderi Mici si Mijlocii (in Romanian). 2002. Archived from the original on 13 May 2007. Retrieved 5 August 2007.
- ^ "Tatar in United States". Joshua Project. 23 March 2021. Retrieved 23 March 2021.
- ^ "Tatars In Belarus". Radio Free Europe. 12 August 2010. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
- ^ Рушан, Лукманов (16 May 2018). "Vasil Shaykhraziev met with the Tatars of France | Всемирный конгресс татар". Retrieved 31 October 2021.
- ^ "Rustam Minnikhanov meets representatives of the Tatar Diaspora in Switzerland". President of Republic of Tatarstan. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
- ^ "Regional Autonomy for Minority Peoples". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China. Archived from the original on 17 October 2006. Retrieved 6 September 2006.
- ^ "Census Profile, 2016 Census – Canada [Country] and Canada [Country]". 8 February 2017. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
- ^ "Ludność. Stan i struktura demograficzno-społeczna – NSP 2011" (PDF) (in Polish). Retrieved 29 October 2021.
- ^ "National Statistical Institute". www.nsi.bg. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
- ^ "Suomen tataareja johtaa pankkiuran tehnyt ekonomisti Gölten Bedretdin, jonka mielestä uskonnon pitää olla hyvän puolella". Retrieved 6 March 2021.
- ^ "Статьи на исторические темы". www.hrono.ru. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 27 April 2018.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Президент РТ". Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
- ^ "RL0428: RAHVASTIK RAHVUSE, SOO JA ELUKOHA JÄRGI, 31. DETSEMBER 2011". stat.ee. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ "Адас Якубаускас: Я всегда говорю крымским татарам не выезжайте, оккупация не вечна". espreso.tv. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
- ^ "Как крымские татары оказались в Литве 600 лет назад? | Новости и аналитика : Украина и мир : EtCetera". Archived from the original on 12 August 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
- ^ Национальный состав населения Литвы. Перепись 2011.
- ^ Paul Goble (20 June 2016). "Volga Tatars in Iran Being Turkmenified". Jamestown. Retrieved 27 February 2022.
- ^ Tatar in the Collins English Dictionary
- ^ "Tatar – people". Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
- ^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Kropotkin, Peter; Eliot, Charles (1911). "Tatars". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 448–449.
- ^ "Татары Евразии: своеобразие генофондов крымских, поволжских и сибирских татар". Вестник Московского Университета. Серия 23. Антропология (3): 75–85. 20 January 2024.
- ^ "Внешний вид (фото), Оглавление (Содержание) книги Еникеева Г.Р. "По следам чёрной легенды"".
- ^ Thomas Riha, Readings in Russian Civilization, Volume 1: Russia Before Peter the Great, 900–1700, University of Chicago Press (2009), p. 186
- ^ Baskakov: Русские фамилии тюркского происхождения (Russian surnames of Turkic origin) (1979)
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