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The Man Who Laughs

The Man Who Laughs
"At the Green Box", frontispiece to volume II of the 1869 English translation
AuthorVictor Hugo
Original titleL'Homme qui rit
LanguageFrench
GenreGothic[1]
PublishedApril 1869
A. Lacroix, Verboeckhoven & Ce
Publication placeFrance
Media typePrint (Hardcover and Paperback)
Pages386
OCLC49383068

The Man Who Laughs (also published under the title By Order of the King from its subtitle in French)[2] is a novel by Victor Hugo, originally published in April 1869 under the French title L'Homme qui rit. It takes place in England beginning in 1690 and extends into the early 18th-century reign of Queen Anne. It depicts England's royalty and aristocracy of the time as cruel and power-hungry. Hugo intended parallels with the France of Louis-Philippe and the Régence.[3]

The novel concerns the life of a young nobleman who was disfigured as a child on the orders of the king. Exiled and renamed "Gwynplaine", he travels with his protector and companion, the vagabond philosopher Ursus, and Dea, who he rescued as a baby during a storm. The novel is famous for Gwynplaine's mutilated face, stuck in a permanent grin. The book has inspired many artists, dramatists, and filmmakers.[4]

  1. ^ Dean, Remy (11 August 2020). "The Man Who Laughs (1928)". framerated.co.uk. Frame Rated. Retrieved 27 January 2025.
  2. ^ Davidson, Arthur Fitzwilliam (1912). Victor Hugo: his life and work. J.B. Lippincott. pp. 273–274.
  3. ^ Roman, Myriam (2002). Preface to Le Livre de Poche Classiques edition. p. 16.
  4. ^ "L'âme a-t-elle un visage?" [Does the soul have a face?] (PDF) (in French). 1 January 2014. Retrieved 10 June 2021.

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