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Thomas D. Rice
Thomas D. Rice | |
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 | |
| Born | Thomas Dartmouth Rice May 20, 1808 New York, New York, U.S. |
| Died | September 19, 1860 (aged 52) Brooklyn, New York, U.S. |
| Occupation | Singer, dancer, playwright |
| Nationality | American |
| Period | 1827–1860 |
| Spouse | Charlotte Bridgett Gladstone (1837–1847) |
Thomas Dartmouth Rice (May 20, 1808 – September 19, 1860) was an American performer and playwright who performed in blackface and used African American vernacular speech, song and dance to become one of the most popular minstrel show entertainers of his time. He is considered the "father of American minstrelsy".[1][2] His act drew on aspects of African American culture and popularized them with a national, and later international, audience.
Rice's "Jim Crow" character was based on a folk trickster of that name that was long popular among black slaves. Rice also adapted and popularized a traditional slave song called "Jump Jim Crow".[3] The name became used for the "Jim Crow laws" that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States between the 1870s and 1965.
- ^ "Blackface Minstrelsy". Center for American Music, University of Pittsburgh. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
- ^ "History of Minstrelsy: From "Jump Jim Crow" to "The Jazz Singer"". University of South Florida Library Special & Digital Collections. Archived from the original on June 28, 2015. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
- ^ Padgett, Ken. "Blackface! Minstrel Shows". Archived from the original on September 27, 2014. Retrieved December 10, 2014.
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