Akwa Ibom

Akwa Ibom
Wuri
5°00′N 7°50′E / 5°N 7.83°E / 5; 7.83
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Najeriya
Babban birni	Jahar Uyo
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	5,482,177 (2016)
• Yawan mutane	774.21 mazaunan/km²
Harshen gwamnati	Turanci
Labarin ƙasa
Yawan fili	7,081 km²
Sun raba iyaka da	Jihar Abiya Jahar Cross River Jihar rivers
Bayanan tarihi
Ƙirƙira	23 Satumba 1987
Tsarin Siyasa
Majalisar zartarwa	Akwa Ibom Executive Council (en)
Gangar majalisa	Akwa Ibom State House of Assembly (en)
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	UTC+01:00 Lokacin Yammacin Turai
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho	+234
Lamba ta ISO 3166-2	NG-AK
Wasu abun
Yanar gizo	akwaibomstate.gov.ng

Akwa Ibom jiha ce a kudu maso kudancin Najeriya. Ta hada iyaka da jihar Cross River daga gabas, daga yamma da Jihar Rivers da Abiya, Sannan daga kudu da Tekun Atalanta. Jihar ta samo asalin sunanta ne daga rafin Qua Iboe River wanda ya raba jihar biyu kafin ya fada cikin kududdufin Bonny.^[1] An cire Jihar Akwa Ibom ne daga Jihar Cross River a shekara ta 1987, tare da babban birninta a Uyo da kananan hukumomi 31.

A cikin jihohi guda 36 na Najeriya, Jihar Akwa Ibom ita ce ta 30, a girma kuma ta biyar a yawan jama'a tana mutum miliyan 5.5, million a bisa kiyasin shekara ta 2016.^[2] Ta fuskar yanayin kasa, jihar ta rabu tsakanin Central African mangroves daga gabar ruwa ta kudu, da kuma dazukan Cross–Niger transition forests a sauran yankunan jihar. Wasu daga cikin muhimman yanayin kasar sun hada da rafukan Imo da Cross River wanda suke kwarara ta gabashin da yammacin iyakar Akwa Ibom, a yayain da rafin Kwa Ibo River ya raba jihar biyu kuma ya fada rafin Bayelsa wato Bonny.

yawan fili kimani na kilomita arabba’i 7,081, da yawan jama’a milyan biyar da dubu dari hudu da hamsin da dari bakwai da hamsin da takwas (kidayar yawan jama'a shekara 2016). Babban birnin tarayyar jahar ita ce Uyo. Udom Gabriel Emmanuel shi ne gwamnan jihar tun zaben shekara ta 2015, har zuwa yau. Mataimakin gwamnan shi ne Moses Ekpo. Dattiban jihar su ne: Bassey Akpan, Godswill Akpabio da Nelson Effiong. Daga can saqon kudancin jihar, akwai ganduna daji da ake kira Stubb Creek Forest Reserve, inda kuma akwai dabbodi masu karewa kamar kadoji, birai da 'yan kwaroran damusu na Nahiyyar Afurka da kuma birai nau'in Najeriya da Afurka.^[3][4][5][6] A fannin ruwa kuwa, akwai nau'ikan rayukan ruwa iri-iri kamar kifaye da ire-irensu da dama, da kuma jinsunan namun ruwa na cetacean species kamarsu dabbobin dolphins da whale.

Jihar Akwa Ibom ta yau ta hada harsuna daban-daban tun shekaru daruruwa da suka shude, wadanda suke da alaka da mutanen Ibibio, Anaang, da Oron na arewa maso gabas, arewa maso yamma da kuma kudancin Jihar. A lokacin mulkin turawa, inda ake kira da Akwa Ibom ta kasu zuwa birane kaman Masarutar Ibom da Akwa Akpa kafin ta zamo yankin mallakar turawa a shekara ta 1884, karkashin yankin Yankin Oil Rivers Protectorate.^[7] Turawa sun mamaye yankin a farkon karni na 1900, kafin su hade yankin (da ake kira a yau Yankin Niger Coast Protectorate) acikin Yankin Southern Nigeria Protectorate inda daga bisani ta zamo Yankin Najeriya ta Burtaniya; bayan hade su, mafi akasarin yankin Akwa Ibom ta yau ta fada cikin yankin tawaye ga mulkin mallakar turai wanda ya jawo ballewar Rikicin Mata ta hanyar Kungiyar Gwagwarmaya ta Ibibiyo.^[8]

Bayan samun 'yanci a shekarata 1960, yankin Jihar Akwa Ibom na yanzu ta fada cikin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar alif ta 1967, lokacin da aka raba yankin ta zamo Jihar Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya. Kasa da watanni biyu bayan hakan, yankin Inyamurai na tsohuwar Yankin Gabashin Najeriya tayi yinkurin ballewa don kafa Jamhoriyar Biyafara; wanda hakan ya jawo Yakin basasar Najeriya na tsawon shekaru uku. Anyi gumurzu sosai a yankin Akwa Ibom na yanzu wajen mamaye yankin Fatakwal, a yayin da 'yan Biyafara suka rinka cutar da mutanen Akwa Ibom wadanda ba Inyamurai ba.^[9] Bayan yaki ta kare kuma an sake hade kasar cikin Najeriya, an mayar da Jihar Kudu maso Gabas har zuwa shekarar alif ta 1976, lokacin da aka canza mata suna zuwa Jihar Cross River. Shekaru goma sha daya bayan haka, an raba Jihar Cross River daga yammacin ta don samar da sabuwar Jihar Akwa Ibom.^[10]

Ta fuskar tattalin arziki kuwa, Jihar Akwa Ibom ta ta'allaka ne akan man-fetur da gas, a matsayin jihar da tafi kowacce jiha samar da man fetur a Najeriya.^[11] Wani muhimmin fanni shine noma don Jihar na da albarkatun kayan noma kamar cocoyam, doya da plantain, dangane da kamun kifi da kiwon dodon kodi. Duk da albarkacin man fetur da Jihar ke dashi, Akwa Ibom ta kasance ta 17, a jadawalin jerin cigaban dan Adam a sanadiyyar shekaru da dama na cin hanci da rashawa.^[12][13][14]

1. ↑ Onyeakagbu, Adaobi (5 October 2021). "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
2. ↑ "Population 2006-2016". National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
3. ↑ Inemesit, Akpan-Nsoh (14 May 2018). "'Akwa Ibom primates on brink of extinction'". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
4. ↑ Eniang, Edem A.; Akani, Godfrey C.; Amadi, Nioking; Dendi, Daniele; Amori, Giovanni; Luiselli, Luca (15 Jul 2016). "Recent distribution data and conservation status of the leopard (Panthera pardus) in the Niger Delta (Nigeria)". Tropical Zoology. 29 (4): 173–183. doi:10.1080/03946975.2016.1214461. S2CID 89244146. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
5. ↑ Baker, Lynne R. (27 April 2012). "Report on a Survey of Stubbs Creek Forest Reserve, June 20 – July 5, 2003". WCS. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
6. ↑ Ogar, Dave A.; Asuk, Sijeh A.; Umanah, I.E. (2016). "Forest Cover Change in Stubb's Creek Forest Reserve Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria". Applied Tropical Agriculture. 21 (1): 183–189. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
7. ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Calabar" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 962.
8. ↑ "About Akwa Ibom". Government of Akwa Ibom State. 4 May 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
9. ↑ Omaka, Arua Oko (17 February 2014). "The Forgotten Victims: Ethnic Minorities in the Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967-1970". Journal of Retracing Africa. 1(1): 25–40. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
10. ↑ "This is how the 36 states were created". Pulse.ng. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.
11. ↑ "Akanbi, Festus (19 September 2021). "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". ThisDay. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
12. ↑ "Human Development Indices". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
13. ↑ "The Gang of 43 breaks cover". Africa Confidential. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
14. ↑ "Everyone's in on the Game". Human Rights Watch. 17 August 2010. Retrieved 15 December2021.