Daular Macedoniya

Daular Macedoniya
Official symbol (en)	Vergina Sun (en)
Suna saboda	Ancient Macedonians (en)
Wuri
Babban birni	Aigai (en) , Pella (en) da Aigai (en)
Yawan mutane
Harshen gwamnati	Ancient Macedonian (en) Ancient Greek (mul)
Addini	Ancient Greek religion (en)
Labarin ƙasa
Sun raba iyaka da	Thrace (en) Illyria (en)
Bayanan tarihi
Ƙirƙira	808 "BCE"
Rushewa	167 "BCE"
Tsarin Siyasa
Tsarin gwamnati	oligarchy (en) da sarauta
Gangar majalisa	Synedrion (en)
Ikonomi
Kuɗi	tetradrachm (en)

Makidoniya (/ˌmæsɪˈdoʊniə/_Greek), wanda kuma ake kira Macedon (/ ˈmæsɪdɒn/), tsohuwar masarauta ce a gefen Archaic da Greek Classical, ^[1] kuma daga baya ita ce babbar ƙasar Hellenistic Girka. ^[2] Daular Argead ce ta kafa Masarautar kuma ta fara mulkarta, wanda kuma daular Antipatrid da Antigonid suka biyo baya. Gida ga tsohuwar Masedoniyawa, mulkin farko ya kasance a arewa maso gabas na tsibirin Girka,^[3] kuma tana iyaka da Epirus zuwa yamma, Paeonia zuwa arewa, Thrace zuwa gabas da Thessaly a kudu.

Kafin karni na 4 BC, Macedonia karamar masarauta ce a wajen yankin da manyan biranen Athens, Sparta da Thebes suka mamaye, kuma a takaice tana karkashin Achaemenid Farisa.^[4] A lokacin mulkin Argead sarki Philip II (359-336 BC), Macedonia ta mamaye babban yankin Girka da daular Thracian Odrysian ta hanyar mamayewa da diflomasiyya. Tare da sojojin da aka gyara mai dauke da phalanxes masu amfani da sarissa pike, Philip II ya ci nasara a tsohuwar ikon Athens da Thebes a yakin Chaeronea a shekarar 338 BC Filibus Ɗan II Alexander the Great, wanda ke jagorantar ƙungiyar ƙasashen Girka, ya cika burin mahaifinsa na ba da umarni ga dukan ƙasar Girka lokacin da ya halaka Thebes bayan da ya yi tawaye. A lokacin yaƙin cin nasara Alexander na gaba, ya hambarar da Daular Achaemenid kuma ya ci yankin da ya kai har Kogin Indus. A cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, daularsa ta Macedonia ita ce mafi ƙarfi a duniya-tabbatacciyar jihar Hellenistic, tana ƙaddamar da sauye-sauye zuwa wani sabon lokaci na wayewar tsohuwar Girka. Sana'o'i da adabi na Girka sun bunƙasa a cikin sabbin ƙasashen da aka ci nasara da ci gaban falsafa, injiniyanci, da kimiyya sun yaɗu a cikin duniya. Wani muhimmin mahimmanci shi ne gudunmawar Aristotle, malami ga Alexander, wanda rubuce-rubucensa suka zama jigon falsafar Yammacin Turai.

Sarakunan Macedonia, waɗanda suke da cikakken iko kuma suna ba da umarnin albarkatun ƙasa kamar zinariya da azurfa, sun sauƙaƙe ayyukan hakar ma'adinai don haƙon kuɗaɗe, ba da kuɗin sojojinsu kuma, ta mulkin Filibus. II, sojojin ruwa na Makidoniya. Ba kamar sauran jihohin da suka gaje diadochi ba, ba a taɓa samun tsarin bautar daular da Alexander ya haɓaka a ƙasar Macidoniya ba, duk da haka sarakunan Macidoniya sun ɗauki matsayi a matsayin manyan firistoci na masarauta da kuma manyan majiɓinta na gida da waje na addinin Hellenistic. Hukumomin sojoji sun iyakance ikon sarakunan Macedonia, yayin da wasu ƙananan gundumomi a cikin mulkin mallaka na Macedonia sun sami yancin cin gashin kai har ma suna da gwamnatocin dimokiradiyya tare da manyan taruka.

1. ↑ Hornblower 2008 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFHornblower2008 (help).
2. ↑ Austin 2006 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFAustin2006 (help).
3. ↑ ^ "Macedonia". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 23 October 2015. Archived from the original on 8 December 2008. Retrieved 5 February 2017..
4. ↑ Sprawski 2010, pp. 135–138; Olbrycht 2010, pp. 342–345.