Enugu (birni)

Enugu
Inkiya	Ciutat del Carbó, Birnin kwal da Coal City
Wuri
6°26′25″N 7°29′39″E / 6.4403°N 7.4942°E / 6.4403; 7.4942
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Najeriya
Jihohin Najeriya	Jihar Enugu
Babban birnin	Jihar Enugu
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	1,029,400 (2022)
• Yawan mutane	1,848.11 mazaunan/km²
Labarin ƙasa
Bangare na	Kasar Inyamurai
Yawan fili	557 km²
Altitude (en)	247 m
Sun raba iyaka da	Udi Awka
Bayanan tarihi
Ƙirƙira	1909
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho	042
Wasu abun
Yanar gizo	enugustate.gov.ng

Enugu^[1] (Igbonci/Inyamuranci Énugwú)^[2][3] birni ne, da ke a jihar Enugu, a ƙasar Najeriya. Shi ne babban birnin jihar Enugu. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2006, jimilar mutane 722,664. An gina birnin Enugu a shekara ta 1912. Enugu ta samo asalin sunan ta ne daga kalmomin Inyamuranci guda biyu; Énú Ụ́gwụ́ ma'ana "saman tsauni" dangane da cewa birnin na bisa tsauni. An sanya wa garin sunan dangane da "Enugwu Ngwuo" inda aka fara samun gawayin coal. Enugwu Ngwuo na ɗaya daga cikin kauyuka goma da suka haɗu suka samar da kabilar Ngwuo, wanda akan kira sun Ngwuako wanda ya kirkiro kabilar tun iyaye da kakanni. Ngwuako ya sanya dansa "Udeneogu" ya tsaya a saman tsaunin (Enu-Ugwu) don kare mutanen kabilar daga makiya. Kalmar Enugwu Ama Udeneogu, na nufin ( Enugwu garin Udeneogu). Mutanen na rayuwa a saman dutsen sannan su noma filayen dake jikin tsaunukan. Ngwuo tana da iyaka da kabilar Oshie daga kudu, kabilar Ojebeogene daga arewa, sai kuma Nkanu daga gabas. Gano gawayin coal a filayen noma dake jikin Enugwu Ngwuo ya jawo hankalin mutane daga sassa daban daban don neman hanyar cigaban rayuwa kamar yadda aka nuna a taswira, hakan ya jawo samun sabuwar tsarin gwamnati wanda akafi sanida Gwamnatin Enugwu Ngwo, wanda itace muhimmiyar silar wayewar yankin na farko wanda aka sanida da Enugu a yau. Ci gaban ta fara daga kasar Ngwuo wacce akafi sanida Enugwu Ngwuo har zuwa lokacin da garin ta zama birni aka cire kalmar "Ngwuo" daga sunanta, a dalilin hakan karamar alkarya ta Ngwuo tayi silar samar da babban birni a yau, sannan tayi ta bunkasa ta mamaye yankunan birnin Nkanu kamar Nike da Akunino har zuwa Neke da Emene.

Tun Karni na 17, mutanen Nike (wani kashi na yaren Igbo) ke zaune a wurin. Acikin 1900 Turawan Mulkin mallaka na daular Burtaniya ta kirkiri yankin Kariyar turawa na Kudancin Najeriya. Gano gawayi da turawa suka yi yayi sanadiyar samar da titin jirgin kasa na Eastern Line don daukan gawayin daga yankin zuwa tashar jirgin ruwa na Port Harcourt, birnin da aka kirkira saboda haka mai nisan kilomita 243 (151 mi) daga kudancin garin da ake kira da "Enugu Coal Camp". An sauya sunan garin zuwa Enugu kuma ta bunkasa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin tsirarun birane da aka kira ta hanyar cudanya da turawa. Zuwa 1958, Enugu tana da mahaka gawayin coal fiye da mutum 8000. Zuwa shekara ta 2005, babu sauran ayyukan hakar gawayi coal a yankin.

Enugu ta zama babban birnin Yankin Gabashin Najeriya bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya a 1960; sauyi da aka samu na canje-cajen yankuna a shekara ta 1967, 1976 da kuma 1991 yayi sanadin garin ta zamo babban birnin Jihar Enugu na yanzu. A ranar 30 ga watan Mayu 1967, an kaddamar da Enugu a matsayin babban birnin yankin Tarayyar Biafra, a dalilin hakan Enugu ta zamo babban birnin Kasar Inyamurai. Bayan da sojojin Najeriya suka kwace birnin Enugu, an mayar da Umuahia na zamo babban birnin Biafra.

Masana'antu a birnin sun hada da kasuwanni da kuma kamfanonin lemun kwalba. Har wayau, Enugu na daya daga cikin yankin masu bada umurni a kamfanonin shirya fina-finai na Najeriya wacce akeyi wa lakabi da "Nollywood". Muhimmin filin jirgin sama na Enugu shine Akanu Ibiam International Airport.

1. ↑ Enugu (Dictionary.com Unabridged ed.), Random House, Inc., retrieved 23 February 2022.
2. ↑ Garry, Jane; Rubino, Carl R. Galvez (2001). Facts about the world's languages: an encyclopedia of the world's major languages, past and present. H.W. Wilson. p. 328. ISBN 978-0-8242-0970-4.
3. ↑ Egbokhare, Francis O.; Oyetade, S. Oluwole (2002). Harmonization and standardization of Nigerian languages. CASAS. p. 106. ISBN 978-1-919799-70-4.