Mutanen Soninke

Mutanen Soninke

Yankuna masu yawan jama'a
Burkina Faso, Gambiya, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Mali, Muritaniya, Nijar, Senegal da Gine
Addini
Musulunci

Soninke

Hoton mutumin Soninke (1890)
Jimlar yawan jama'a
Sama da miliyan 2.0
Yankuna masu yawan jama'a
Mali	2,124,000(9.8%) [1]
Senegal	225,154 (1.4%) [2]
Muritaniya	378.000
Gambia	142,606 (8.2%) [3]
Harsuna
Harshen Soninke, Farasanci
Addini
Mafi rinjayen Ahlus Sunna
Kabilu masu alaƙa
Mutanen Jakhanke, mutanen Mandinka, mutanen Bambara, mutanen Yalunka, sauran mutanen Mandé

Mutanen Soninke ƙabila ce ta yammacin Afirka da ke magana da harshen Mande a Mali, Fouta Djallon, kudancin Mauritania, gabashin Senegal, Guinea da Gambia.^[4] Suna magana da yaren Soninke, wanda kuma ake kira Serakhulle ko harshen Azer, wanda shine ɗayan yarukan Mande.^[5] Mutanen Soninke sune suka kafa tsohuwar daular Ghana ko Wagadou c. 300–1240 CE, Ƙungiyoyin Soninke sun haɗa da Maraka da Wangara. Lokacin da aka lalata daular Ghana, ƴan kasashen waje sun kawo Soninkes zuwa Mali, Mauritania, Senegal, Gambia, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Guinée-Conakry, Jamhuriyar Ghana ta zamani, da kuma Guinea-Bissau inda wasu 'yan kasuwa suka yi kasuwanci. aka kira Wangara.^[6]

Galibin Musulmai, Soninke na daya daga cikin kabilun farko daga yammacin Afirka da suka musulunta a kusan ƙarni na 10.^[7] An kiyasta yawan mutanen Soninke na wannan zamani sun haura miliyan biyu.^[8] Ayyukan al'adun mutanen Soninke suna kama da mutanen Mandé, da na Imraguen na Mauritania. Sun hada da al'adun Musulunci na auratayya,^[9] kaciya,^[10] da kuma daidaita zamantakewa.^[11][12]

1. ↑ "Mali". www.cia.gov (in Turanci). Retrieved November 19, 2020.
2. ↑ "Senegal". www.cia.gov (in Turanci). Retrieved November 19, 2020.
3. ↑ "Distribution of the Gambian population by ethnicity 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2013 Censuses - GBoS". www.gbosdata.org. Archived from the original on 2021-11-19. Retrieved 2021-06-17.
4. ↑ Ralph A. Austen (1999). In Search of Sunjata: The Mande Oral Epic as History, Literature and Performance. Indiana University Press. p. 143. ISBN 0-253-33452-7.
5. ↑ Andrew Dalby (1998). Dictionary of Languages: The Definitive Reference to More Than 400 Languages. Columbia University Press. p. 574. ISBN 978-0-231-11568-1.
6. ↑ John O. Hunwick (2003). Timbuktu and the Songhay Empire: Al-Saʿdi's Taʾrīkh Al-Sūdān Down to 1613. BRILL Academic. pp. xxviii with footnote 18. ISBN 90-04-12822-0.
7. ↑ Asante, Molefi Kete.
8. ↑ Diagram Group (2013). Encyclopedia of African Peoples. Routledge. p. 825. ISBN 978-1-135-96341-5.
9. ↑ Saskia Brand (2001). Mediating Means and Fate: A Socio-Political Analysis of Fertility and Demographic Change in Bamako, Mali. BRILL Academic. pp. 69–71. ISBN 90-04-12033-5.
10. ↑ Ouldzeidoune, Nacerdine; Keating, Joseph; Bertrand, Jane; Rice, Janet (2013). "A Description of Female Genital Mutilation and Force-Feeding Practices in Mauritania: Implications for the Protection of Child Rights and Health". PLOS ONE. 8 (4): e60594. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...860594O. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060594. PMC 3621896. PMID 23593257.
11. ↑ Michael Gomez (2002). Pragmatism in the Age of Jihad: The Precolonial State of Bundu. Cambridge University Press. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-521-52847-4.
12. ↑ Monica Bella (1987), AFRICA STUDIES: THE EXPLORATION OF ALTERNATIVE LAND TENURE AND ORGANIZATIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE BAKEL SMALL IRRIGATED PERIMETERS Archived 2017-11-18 at the Wayback Machine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States Agency for International Development, Quote:"Soninke society is not egalitarian, but rather is stratified into castes.