Socrates

Socrates
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Alopeke (en) da Athens, 469 "BCE"
ƙasa	Classical Athens (en)
Mazauni	Classical Athens (en)
Mutuwa	Athens, 15 ga Faburairu, 399 "BCE"
Yanayin mutuwa	forced suicide (en)  (hemlock poisoning (en) )
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi	Sophroniscus
Mahaifiya	Phaenarete
Abokiyar zama	Xanthippe (en) Myrto (en)
Yara	view Lamprocles (en) Menexenus (en)
Karatu
Harsuna	Ancient Greek (mul)
Ɗalibai	view Plato Xenophon (en) Antisthenes Aristippus (en) Isocrates (en) Euclid of Megara (en) Phaedo of Elis (en) Aeschines of Sphettus (en) Chaerephon (en) Simmias of Thebes (en) Cebes (en) Menexenus (en) Apollodorus (en) Alcibiades (en)
Sana'a
Sana'a	mai falsafa, Malami, marubuci da ethicist (en)
Wanda ya ja hankalinsa	Anaxagoras, Pre-Socratic philosophy (en) da sophist (en)
Mamba	boule (en)
IMDb	nm1419271

Socrates ^[1] (Greek/Girkanci : Σωκράτης; c. 470 BC) masanin falsafar Girka ne daga Athens wanda aka bayyana shi a matsayin wanda ya kafa falsafar Yammacin Turai kuma daga cikin falsafar falsafa na farko na al'adar tunani. Wani mutum ne mai ban mamaki, Socrates bai rubuta rubutu ba kuma an san shi da shi ta hanyar bayanan marubutan gargajiya, musamman ɗalibansa Plato da Xenophon. An rubuta waɗannan asusun a matsayin tattaunawa, wanda Socrates da masu magana da shi suna nazarin wani batu a cikin salon tambaya da amsa; sun haifar da nau'in adabin Socratic dialogue. Litattafan saɓani na Socrates sun sake gina falsafarsa kusan ba zai yiwu ba, yanayin da aka sani da matsalar Socratic. Socrates ya kasance mutum mai ban mamaki a cikin al'ummar Athens. A cikin 399 BC, an zarge shi da rashin adalci da lalata matasa. Bayan shari’ar da ta shafe yini guda, an yanke masa hukuncin kisa. Ya yi ranarsa ta ƙarshe a gidan yari, ya ƙi yin tayin taimaka masa ya tsere.

Tattaunawar Plato na daga cikin cikakkun bayanai na Socrates don tsira daga zamanin da. Suna nuna tsarin Socratic zuwa sassan falsafa ciki har da rationalism da ɗa'a Platonic Socrates ya ba da sunansa ga manufar tsarin Socratic, da kuma Socratic irony. Hanyar tambaya ta Socratic, ko elenchus, tana ɗaukar tsari a cikin tattaunawa ta amfani da gajerun tambayoyi da amsoshi, waɗanda nassosin Plato suka kwatanta a cikin abin da Socrates da masu shiga tsakaninsa suke nazarin fannoni daban-daban na al'amari ko ma'ana mai ma'ana, yawanci dangane da ɗaya daga cikin kyawawan halaye, kuma sun sami kansu a cikin wani mawuyacin hali, gaba ɗaya sun kasa bayyana abin da suke tunanin sun fahimta. An san Socrates da shelar jahilcinsa gaba ɗaya; ya kasance yana cewa kawai abin da ya sani shi ne jahilcinsa, yana neman ya nuna cewa sanin jahilcinmu shi ne matakin farko na falsafa.

Socrates ya yi tasiri mai ƙarfi a kan masana falsafa a zamanin dā kuma ya ci gaba da yin hakan a zamanin yau. Malaman zamani na zamani da na Musulunci sun yi nazari da shi kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a tunanin juyin mulkin Italiya, musamman a cikin yunkurin 'yan Adam. Sha'awa a gare shi ya ci gaba da raguwa, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin ayyukan Søren Kierkegaard da Friedrich Nietzsche. Hotunan Socrates a cikin fasaha, adabi, da al'adun gargajiya sun sanya shi sananne a al'adar falsafar Yammacin Turai.

1. ↑ Jones 2006. sfn error: no target: CITEREFJones2006 (help)