Taiwan

Republik China 中華民國 (China)[upper-roman 1] Zhōnghuá Mínguó (Pinyin)
Flag Emblem
Anthem:  中華民國國歌 Zhōnghuá Mínguó Guógē "National Anthem of the Republic of China" Flag anthem:  中華民國國旗歌 Zhōnghuá Míngúo Gúoqígē "National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China"
Show map of territories administered by the ROC (Taiwan Area) Show map of Taiwan (dark green) with Mainland Area and historical ROC territorial claims (light green)
Indu menua	Taipei[lower-alpha 1][2] 25°04′N 121°31′E / 25.067°N 121.517°E / 25.067; 121.517
Nengeri ti pemadu besai	New Taipei City
Jaku resmi	Standard Chinese[lower-alpha 2][5][6][7]
Official script	Traditional Chinese[8]
National languages[lower-alpha 5]	Mandarin[lower-alpha 3] Hokkien[lower-alpha 3][lower-alpha 4] Hakka[9] Formosan[10] Matsu[lower-alpha 3] Wuqiu[lower-alpha 3] Taiwan Sign Language
Raban bansa (2016)[12]	95–97% Han 2.3% indigenous[lower-alpha 6] 0.7–2.7% other
Pengarap (2020)[13]	35.1% Buddhism 33.0% Taoism 26.7% no religion 3.9% Christianity 1.3% other
Demonim	Taiwanese[14]
Perintah	Unitary semi-presidential republic[15][16]
• President	Lai Ching-te
• Vice President	Hsiao Bi-khim
• Executive Yuan President / Premier	Cho Jung-tai
• Legislative Yuan President	Han Kuo-yu
• Judicial Yuan President	Hsu Tzong-li
Dewan Undangan Negeri	Legislative Yuan[lower-alpha 7]
Establishment
• Republic of China established	10 October 1911[lower-alpha 8]
• Taiwan under ROC rule[lower-alpha 9]	25 October 1945
• Retreat of ROC to Taiwan	7 December 1949
Menua
• Pemesai	36,197 km2 (13,976 bt2)[17][14]
Penyampau tubuh
• 1 July 2022 estimate	23,894,394[18] (56th)
• 2010 census	23,123,866[19]
• Pemayuh tubuh	650/km2 (1,683.5/sq mi) (17th)
GDP (PPP)	2023 estimate
• Total	$1.685 trillion [20] (20th)
• Per capita	$72,485[20] (15th)
GDP (nominal)	2023 estimate
• Total	$751.930 billion[20] (21st)
• Per capita	$32,339[20] (30th)
Gini (2017)	34.1[21] medium
HDI (2021)	0.926[lower-alpha 10][22] very high · 19th
Mata duit	New Taiwan dollar (NT$) (TWD)
Zon jam	UTC+8 (National Standard Time)
Kod ISO 3166	TW
TLD Internet	.tw, .台灣, .台湾[23]

Taiwan,^{[lower-alpha 11]} tauka nama resmi iya Republik China ^{[lower-alpha 12]} nya sebengkah menua^[27] ba Asia Timur.^{[lower-alpha 15]} Pulau besai Taiwan ke mega dikelala enggau nama Formosa, ba entara Tasik China Timur enggau Selatan ba Tasik Pasifik barat laut, enggau Republik Rakyat China (PRC) ba barat laut, Jipun ba timur laut, enggau Filipina ba selatan. Iya ngembuan pemesai 35,808 kilometer persegi (13,826 batu persegi), enggau bukit ti nguasa dua pertiga timur enggau tanah rata ba tiga pertiga barat, ke alai populasyen iya ti balat urban. Kandang menua ke dipegulai ke dikuasa Taiwan bisi 168 bengkah pulau .^{[lower-alpha 16]} dalam semua mungkur 36,193 kilometer persegis (13,974 batu persegis).^[17][39] Kandang nengeri metropolitan ti pemadu besai ditumbuhka Taipei (indu nengeri), Nengeri Taipei Baru, enggau Keelung. Nengah urung 23.9 juta iku orang, Taiwan entara menua ke pemadu mayuh mensia.

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1. ↑ "Since the implementation of the Act Governing Principles for Editing Geographical Educational Texts (地理敎科書編審原則) in 1997, the guiding principle for all maps in geographical textbooks was that Taipei was to be marked as the capital with a label stating: "Location of the Central Government"". 4 December 2013. Archived from the original on 1 November 2019.
2. ↑ "Interior minister reaffirms Taipei is ROC's capital". Taipei Times. 5 December 2013.
3. ↑ "推動雙語國家政策問題研析". ly.gov.tw (in Cina). 23 July 2013.
4. ↑ "法律統一用語表-常見公文用語說明" (PDF) (in Cina). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
5. ↑ "Chapter 2: People and Language". The Republic of China Yearbook 2012 (in Inggeris). Government Information Office. 2012. p. 24. ISBN 978-986-03-4590-2. Archived from the original on 14 October 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
6. ↑ Government Information Office (2010). "Chapter 2: People and Language" (PDF). The Republic of China Yearbook 2010 (in Inggeris). 中華民國政府出版品. p. 42. ISBN 978-986-02-5278-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 August 2011.
7. ↑ Liao, Silvie (2008). "A Perceptual Dialect Study of Taiwan Mandarin: Language Attitudes in the Era of Political Battle". In Chan, Marjorie K. M.; Kang, Hana (eds.). Proceedings of the 20th North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics (NACCL-20) (PDF) (in Inggeris). Vol. 1. The Ohio State University. p. 393. ISBN 978-0-9824715-0-0. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 December 2013.
8. ↑ "行政院第3251次院會決議". ey.gov.tw (in Cina). December 2011. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
9. ↑ "Hakka Basic Act". law.moj.gov.tw. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
10. ↑ "Indigenous Languages Development Act". law.moj.gov.tw. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
11. ↑ 國家語言發展法. law.moj.gov.tw (in Cina). Retrieved 22 May 2019.
12. ↑ Ralat Lua pada baris 3162 di Modul:Citation/CS1: attempt to call field 'year_check' (a nil value).
13. ↑ "Religious Composition by Country, 2010–2050". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 2 April 2015. Archived from the original on 21 December 2019.
14. ↑ ^{14.0 14.1} Penyalat nyebut: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama cia-factbook
15. ↑ Kucera, Ondrej (1 July 2006). "Is Taiwan a Presidential System?". China Perspectives (in Perancis). 2006 (4). doi:10.4000/chinaperspectives.1036. ISSN 1996-4617. S2CID 152497908.
16. ↑ "Taiwan - Chiang Kai-shek's Government, Democratization, and Constitutional Reforms". Britannica. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
17. ↑ ^{17.0 17.1} "TAIWAN SNAPSHOT". Retrieved 15 March 2020.
18. ↑ "Population of Taiwan as of July 2022".
19. ↑ "General Statistical analysis report, Population and Housing Census" (PDF). National Statistics, ROC (Taiwan). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 December 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
20. ↑ ^{20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3} "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Taiwan)". International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023.
21. ↑ "Percentage share of disposable income by quintile groups of income recipients and measures of income distribution". stat.gov.tw. Archived from the original on 14 July 2022. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
22. ↑ "國情統計通報（第 195 號）" (PDF). Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, Taiwan (ROC). 14 October 2021.
23. ↑ "ICANN Board Meeting Minutes". ICANN. 25 June 2010.
24. ↑ "Laws and Regulations Regarding Mainland Affairs". mac.gov.tw. Mainland Affairs Council, Executive Yuan. 17 September 2020. Retrieved 23 September 2021. Article 2: The following terms as used in this Act are defined below.
    1. "Taiwan Area" refers to Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and any other area under the effective control of the Government.
25. ↑ "Taiwan Relations Act". ait.org.tw. American Institute in Taiwan. 30 March 2022. Archived from the original on 19 August 2022. Retrieved 14 December 2022. ...Section. 15. For purposes of this Act- 2. the term "Taiwan" includes, as the context may require, the islands of Taiwan and the Pescadores (Penghu).
26. ↑ "Geography". Penghu County Government. Archived from the original on 9 December 2022. Retrieved 14 December 2022. Penghu locates on the Taiwan Strait between China and Taiwan in Asia. It is the only island county of Taiwan... The utmost west isle (of Penghu) is also the utmost west boundary of Taiwan.
27. ↑ Multiple sources:
    • Ralat Lua pada baris 3162 di Modul:Citation/CS1: attempt to call field 'year_check' (a nil value).
    • Fell, Dafydd (2018). [[[:Templat:GBurl]] Government and Politics in Taiwan]. Routledge. p. 305. ISBN 978-1-317-28506-9. Moreover, its status as a vibrant democratic state has earned it huge international sympathy and a generally positive image. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
    • Campbell, Matthew (7 January 2020). "China's Next Crisis Brews in Taiwan's Upcoming Election". Bloomberg Businessweek. No. 4642. pp. 34–39. Much has changed in Taiwan since Chiang's day, but this liminal quality has never really gone away. By almost any functional standard, it's a sovereign country
    • Carolan, Christopher (May 2000). "The "Republic of Taiwan": Legal-Historical Justification for a Taiwanese Declaration of Independence" (PDF). New York University Law Review. 75 (2): 429–468. Retrieved 17 March 2022. These six criteria demonstrate that under international law Taiwan merits recognition as an independent state and as such is already a de facto state.
    • Zagoria, Donald S. (30 October 2003). [[[:Templat:GBurl]] Breaking the China-Taiwan Impasse]. ABC-CLIO. pp. 68–. ISBN 978-0-313-05755-7. OCLC 1058389524. Taiwan possesses all of the elements of a sovereign state: a legitimate government, population, and a well-defined territory. The fact is that the People's Republic of China (PRC), while claiming sovereignty over Taiwan, has never ruled Taiwan since the PRC's establishment in 1949. Thus, Taiwan is in fact a sovereign country from our perspective. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
28. ↑ Bellwood, Peter S. (2017). First islanders: prehistory and human migration in Island Southeast Asia (First ed.). Wiley Blackwell. ISBN 9781119251552.
29. ↑ "國情簡介-土地" [Country profile-Territories] (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Executive Yuan. 2022. Archived from the original on 4 March 2022. 臺灣本島及其21個附屬島嶼面積共3萬5886.8623平方公里。 [The main island of Taiwan and its 21 associated islands have a total area of 35,886.8623 square kilometers.]
30. ↑ "Measure of the area". Penghu County Government. 2022. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
31. ↑ "澎湖縣各行政區域島嶼簡介" (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Kun Shan University. 2022. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. 澎湖群島原為64個島嶼組成，經2005年澎湖縣政府重新進行澎湖群島島嶼數量清查，係由90座大小島嶼所組成。 [The Penghu Archipelago was conventionally considered to comprise 64 islands. In 2005, the Penghu County Government re-scrutinized the total number of islands in the archipelago, which consists of 90 islands of varying sizes.]
32. ↑ "自然環境" [Natural Environment] (PDF). 金門縣第四期（104–107年）離島綜合建設實施方案 (in Chinese (Taiwan)). National Development Council, Executive Yuan: 44. 23 December 2014. 金門縣總面積151平方公里，除大金門本島外，尚包括小金門、大膽、二膽、東碇、北碇等17個島嶼。西距廈門外港約10海浬，東距臺灣約150海浬，為一典型大陸型島嶼。 [The total area of Kinmen County is 151 square kilometers. In addition to the main island of Kinmen, the county also includes Xiaokinmen, Dadan, Erdan, Dongding and Beiding for a total of 17 islands. It is about 10 nautical miles away from the Port of Xiamen to the west and 150 nautical miles away from Taiwan to the east. It is a typical continental island.]
33. ↑ "About Kinmen". Kinmen County Government. 8 December 2017. Archived from the original on 2 March 2022.
34. ↑ "金門的地理與歷史概說" [The overview of geography and history of Kinmen] (PDF). 第四章 金門的地理、歷史與總體經濟分析 (in Chinese (Taiwan)). National Taiwan Normal University: 131–134. 20 February 2006.
35. ↑ Guy Plopsky (22 February 2017). "Taiwan's Cold War Fortresses". The Diplomat. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
36. ↑ "連江縣志 地理志" (in Chinese (Taiwan)). 馬祖資訊網. 12 May 2011. 馬祖列島所涵括的36座島嶼分屬四鄉，各鄉除了包括有聚落發展的較大島嶼外，還轄有數座無人島礁。 [Matsu islands encompass 36 Islands which are divided into four townships. In addition to the larger islands with inhabitants, each township also has numerous uninhabited islands and reefs]
37. ↑ Lung Tsun-Ni (龍村倪) (1998). 東沙群島-東沙島紀事集錦 (in Chinese (Taiwan)). 臺灣綜合研究院. p. 13. ISBN 957-98189-0-8. Archived from the original on 30 January 2009. 東沙島為東沙群島唯一島嶼 [Pratas Island is the only island in the Pratas Islands]
38. ↑ "Limits in the Seas – No. 127 Taiwan's Maritime Claims" (PDF). United States Department of State. 15 November 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 July 2020. The Pratas Reef lies 230 miles to the southwest of the southern tip of Taiwan. It consists of an island in the mouth of a semicircular shoal open to the west.
39. ↑ Economic Development R.O.C (Taiwan) (Report). National Development Council (Taiwan). p. 4. Retrieved 6 November 2021.

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